Potential Genetic Models of Aggression and Violence in Males

Maxson, Stephen C.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-6732-9_9

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The model also has the advantage that it tests simultaneously for hormonal effects, and the interaction of sex chromosome and hormonal effects. Other mouse models are also useful for manipulating sex chromosomes or sex chromosome complement to test for sex chromosome effects [31,30,29,32,48,39,58,17,45,67], but are beyond the scope of this review.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What does the “four core genotypes” mouse model tell us about sex differences in the brain and other tissues?

Arnold

Chen

2009

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

511

409

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The “four core genotypes” (FCG) model comprises mice in which sex chromosome complement (XX vs. XY) is unrelated to the animal's gonadal sex. The four genotypes are XX gonadal males or females, and XY gonadal males or females. The model allows one to measure (1) the differences in phenotypes caused by sex chromosome complement (XX vs. XY), (2) the differential effects of ovarian and testicular secretions, and (3) the interactive effects of (1) and (2). Thus, the FCG model provides new information regarding the origins of sex differences in phenotype that has not been available from studies that manipulate gonadal hormone levels in normal XY males and XX females. Studies of the FCG model have uncovered XX vs. XY differences in behaviors (aggression, parenting, habit formation, nociception, social interactions), gene expression (septal vasopressin), and susceptibility to disease (neural tube closure and autoimmune disease) not mediated by gonadal hormones. Some sex chromosome effects are mediated by sex differences in dose of X genes or their parental imprint. Future studies will identify the genes involved and their mechanisms of action.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What does the “four core genotypes” mouse model tell us about sex differences in the brain and other tissues?

Arnold

Chen

2009

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

511

409

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“…Mouse intermale aggression is regulated by the brain serotonin (Olivier et al . 1995) and, at the same time, it is the most used model for studying the neurobiological mechanisms of aggressiveness and violence (Maxson 1992).…”

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confidence: 99%

Association between Tph2 gene polymorphism, brain tryptophan hydroxylase activity and aggressiveness in mouse strains

Куликов

Osipova

Науменко

et al. 2005

Genes Brain and Behavior

102

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The brain neurotransmitter serotonin is involved in the regulation of aggressive behavior. The main factor determining the brain serotonin level is the activity of the rate‐limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitter – tryptophan hydroxylase isoform (TPH) 2 encoded by the Tph2 gene. Recently the C1473G single‐nucleotide polymorphism in the Tph2 gene was reported. Here we study the C1473G polymorphism in 10 inbred mouse strains (C57BL/6J, AKR/J, DD/He, C3H/HeJ, YT/Y, BALB/cJLac, CC57BR/Mv and A/He) and demonstrate the association of the polymorphism with brain TPH activity and intermale aggressiveness. TPH activity in the midbrain of mice homozygous for the 1473C allele was higher than that in mice carrying 1473G alleles. A close association of the 1473C allele with increased number of attacks towards another male was found. The results support a link between the C1473G polymorphism in Tph2 gene, trypthophan hydroxylase activity and intensity of intermale aggression.

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“…All these factors may help to explain the success of the introduced males. Some differences in agonistic behaviour among male mice are associated with variants of the Y chromosome (Maxson 1992;Roubertoux et al 1994). Isle of May mice are relatively inbred and have a rather open population structure (Berry et al 1991;Triggs 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential male genetic success determines gene flow in an experimentally manipulated mouse population

Jones

Noble

Jones

et al. 1995

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

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Sexual selection arises when genetically different males show heritable differences in reproductive success. Mouse mating behaviour involves both male competition and female choice. In this paper we show that introduced Y-linked DNA markers spread more extensively through a natural population than do genes inherited matrilineally. Differences in mating success between the sexes and among individual males may alter the pattern and rate of gene flow in natural populations. Another interesting possibility is that the success of the introduced Y chromosome may be attributable to so-called 'selfish' traits, such as sex-linked meiotic drive or intra-uterine competition. However, this study provides little unequivocal evidence to support this view. Differential success of introduced versus resident males may have implications for the reintroduction of endangered mammals into residual wild populations.

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Potential Genetic Models of Aggression and Violence in Males

Cited by 14 publications

References 49 publications

What does the “four core genotypes” mouse model tell us about sex differences in the brain and other tissues?

What does the “four core genotypes” mouse model tell us about sex differences in the brain and other tissues?

Association between Tph2 gene polymorphism, brain tryptophan hydroxylase activity and aggressiveness in mouse strains

Differential male genetic success determines gene flow in an experimentally manipulated mouse population

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