Potential grazing intensity directly determines the extent of grazer-induced colony formation in Scenedesmus obliquus

Zhu, Xiaoyong; Nan, Haihong; Chen, Qinwen; Wu, Zhongqiu; Wu, Xinyan; Huang, Yuan; Yang, Zhou

doi:10.1016/j.bse.2015.06.035

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Such colonies are too big for grazers to consume and induce algae sinking so that the algae are not accessible to the grazers (Hessen and van Donk 1993 ; Lürling, and van Donk 1996 ; Tollrian and Harvell 1999 ; Lürling 2003b ). Although the metabolic and energetic costs associated with colony formation remain unclear, there is no doubt that they affect algal growth rates (Lürling and van Donk 1997 ; Zhu et al 2015a ). This colony formation defence has similarities with the aggregation response due to cell surface charge suppression with chemical flocculants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A single Scenedesmus genotype has the ability to produce one or more alternative morphologies in response to environmental conditions, including zooplankton grazing. The majority of studies investigating this phenomenon have focused on induced colony formation by chemical cues produced by the cladoceran zooplankton, Daphnia (Hessen and van Donk 1993 ; Lampert et al 1994 ; Lürling 1999a , b , 2003a ; van Holthoon et al 2003 ; Mayeli et al 2004 ; Pohnert et al 2007 ; O’Donnell et al 2013 ; Wu et al 2013 ; Zhu et al 2015a ). Importantly, these responses can be generated solely via culture media that previously had Daphnia feeding on the algae (Lürling and van Donk 1997 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of natural infochemicals for sustainable and efficient harvesting of the microalgae Scenedesmus spp. for biotechnology: insights from a meta-analysis

2016

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Open raceway ponds are regarded as the most economically viable option for large-scale cultivation of microalgae for low to mid-value bio-products, such as biodiesel. However, improvements are required including reducing the costs associated with harvesting biomass. There is now a growing interest in exploiting natural ecological processes within biotechnology. We review how chemical cues produced by algal grazers induce colony formation in algal cells, which subsequently leads to their sedimentation. A statistical meta-analysis of more than 80 studies reveals that Daphnia grazers can induce high levels of colony formation and sedimentation in Scenedesmus obliquus and that these natural, infochemical induced sedimentation rates are comparable to using commercial chemical equivalents. These data suggest that natural ecological interactions can be co-opted in biotechnology as part of a promising, low energy and clean harvesting method for use in large raceway systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of natural infochemicals for sustainable and efficient harvesting of the microalgae Scenedesmus spp. for biotechnology: insights from a meta-analysis

2016

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“…However, limitations and costs should be expected, otherwise colony formation will be a constitutive defense 33 . To avoid excess costs of defense, many organisms adjust the intensity of inducible defenses based on predation risk and conspecific density 30 34 35 , indicating trade-offs between the benefits and costs of inducible defense. The “plant defense hypotheses” 36 posits that decline of defensive colony formation along the resource availability gradient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Costs and trade-offs of grazer-induced defenses in Scenedesmus under deficient resource

Zhu

Wang

Chen

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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The green alga Scenedesmus obliquus can form inducible defensive morphs under grazing threat. Costs and trade-offs of inducible defense are expected to accompany the benefits of defensive morphs, but are hard to detect under nutrient-sufficient experimental conditions. To test the existence of costs associated with inducible defense, we cultured S. obliquus along resource availability gradients in the presence or absence of infochemical cues from Daphnia, and measured the strength of defensive colony formation and fitness characters. Under the lowest phosphorous concentration, the expression of inducible defensive colony resulted in decreased growth rate, which provides direct evidence for physiological costs. Along the gradient reduction of phosphorous concentration or light intensity, inducible defense in S. obliquus showed a decreasing trend. However, the photosynthetic efficiency of S. obliquus was barely affected by its defense responses, suggesting that the negative correlations between resource availability and colony formation of this alga may be due to resource-based trade-offs in the allocation of limited resources. Thus, our results indicated that expression of inducible defense of S. obliquus was impaired under insufficient phosphorus or light. Furthermore, under severe phosphate deficiency, obvious physiological costs of inducible defense could be detected even though defensive colony formation also decreased significantly.

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Allelopathic effects and potential active substances of Ceratophyllum demersum L. on Chlorella vulgaris Beij.

Dong

Chang

et al. 2019

Aquat Ecol

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Potential grazing intensity directly determines the extent of grazer-induced colony formation in Scenedesmus obliquus

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

The use of natural infochemicals for sustainable and efficient harvesting of the microalgae Scenedesmus spp. for biotechnology: insights from a meta-analysis

The use of natural infochemicals for sustainable and efficient harvesting of the microalgae Scenedesmus spp. for biotechnology: insights from a meta-analysis

Costs and trade-offs of grazer-induced defenses in Scenedesmus under deficient resource

Allelopathic effects and potential active substances of Ceratophyllum demersum L. on Chlorella vulgaris Beij.

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