2022
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.785946
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Potential Immune Indicators for Predicting the Prognosis of COVID-19 and Trauma: Similarities and Disparities

Abstract: Although cellular and molecular mediators of the immune system have the potential to be prognostic indicators of disease outcomes, temporal interference between diseases might affect the immune mediators, and make them difficult to predict disease complications. Today one of the most important challenges is predicting the prognosis of COVID-19 in the context of other inflammatory diseases such as traumatic injuries. Many diseases with inflammatory properties are usually polyphasic and the kinetics of inflammat… Show more

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Cited by 13 publications
(7 citation statements)
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References 272 publications
(372 reference statements)
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“…Generally, but not in all cases, these cytokine increases in infected animals here had diminished during recovery at day 10 in survivors. Similar decreases in circulating cytokine levels have been noted in patients recovering from COVID-19 ( 78 ). Notably, IL-6 has been closely associated with outcomes in COVID-19 patients ( 79 ).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 76%
“…Generally, but not in all cases, these cytokine increases in infected animals here had diminished during recovery at day 10 in survivors. Similar decreases in circulating cytokine levels have been noted in patients recovering from COVID-19 ( 78 ). Notably, IL-6 has been closely associated with outcomes in COVID-19 patients ( 79 ).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 76%
“…The mortality of COVID-19 is associated with uncontrolled and systemic inflammation with a cytokine storm that results in catastrophic multiple organ failure. During the hyperinflammation period, common inflammatory mediators (CRP, serum amyloid A, and ferritin), and cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) are increased abruptly [ 48 ]. Previous reports and the current study show that the CIGB-258 and Tocilizumab might share the mode of action to inhibit the hyperinflammation.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Cytokines produced by COVID‐19 infection play a crucial role in the aetiology and pathophysiology of the disease, especially the overproduction of pro‐inflammatory cytokines such as IL‐1, IL‐6, IL‐12, IFN‐γ and TNF‐α, 37 , 38 , 39 and the levels of these cytokines correlate with disease prognosis. 40 , 41 However, the serological cytokine profile of convalescent COVID‐19 patients remains unclear.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%