Potential impact of 1.5, 2 and 3 °C global warming levels on heat and discomfort indices changes over Central Africa

Fotso‐Nguemo, Thierry C.; Vondou, Derbetini A.; Diallo, Ismaïla; Diedhiou, Arona; Weber, Torsten; Tanessong, Roméo S.; Nghonda, Jean Pierre; Yepdo, Zéphirin D.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150099

Cited by 31 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…However, to adapt to climate change effects and develop resilient societies, policymakers and society need robust and reliable scientific climate information (Abiodun et al ., 2020; Teichmann et al ., 2020). The ability of regional climate models (RCMs) to dynamically downscale simulations to a high resolution is a valuable tool for providing high‐resolution climate information (Diallo et al ., 2019; Giorgi, 2019; Kébé et al ., 2020; Teichmann et al ., 2020; Fotso‐Nguemo et al ., 2021; Maharana et al ., 2021). Additionally, RCMs are effective tools for simulating precipitation dynamics, as they capture large‐scale patterns of atmospheric circulation and local systems that influence precipitation better than GCMs (Blázquez and Silvina, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in extreme precipitation events in the Zambezi River basins based on CORDEX‐CORE models, Part II: Future projections under 1.5, 2.0, and 3.0°C global warming levels

Samuel

Wiston

Mphale

et al. 2022

Intl Journal of Climatology

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This study examines the potential implications of 1.5, 2.0, and 3.0°C global warming levels (GWLs) on the austral summer (November–March) extreme precipitation indices over the Zambezi River basin (ZRB) relative to the control period (1971–2000). We computed extreme precipitation based on daily data from observations and the Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX)‐Coordinated Output for Regional Evaluations (CORE) multi‐model ensemble mean (ENSMean). First, we evaluated the performance of the CORDEX‐CORE ENSMean in simulating extreme precipitation based on six indices; the number of rainy days (RR1), simple daily intensity index (SDII), maximum consecutive wet days (CWD), maximum consecutive dry days (CDD), heavy precipitation days (R10), and very heavy precipitation days (R20). The results indicate that the CORDEX‐CORE ENSMean can simulate the spatial distributions of extreme precipitation over the ZRB. However, CORDEX‐CORE largely overestimates the magnitudes of RR1 and CWD. The projected changes show a decrease in RR1, CWD, and R10 under all GWLs, with a robust and pronounced decrease under 3.0°C GWL. In contrast, CDD and SDII are projected to increase under all GWLs, with a robust and pronounced increase in CDD under 3.0°C GWL. The regionally averaged changes show that the median values of CWD, RR1, and R10 (SDII and CDD) are projected to decrease (increase) under all GWLs over the ZRB and sub‐basins. The probability density function (PDF) shows negative (positive) shifts in the mean of CWD, RR1, and R10 (SDII and CDD) over the ZRB and sub‐basins under all GWLs. In contrast, R20 is projected to increase (decrease) over most of the western (eastern) ZRB under all GWLs. Assessing the implications of an additional 0.5 and 1.5°C (1.0°C) warming to 1.5°C (2.0°C) GWL shows that limiting GWL to 1.5°C would restrict the future exposure of the ZRB to extreme precipitation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in extreme precipitation events in the Zambezi River basins based on CORDEX‐CORE models, Part II: Future projections under 1.5, 2.0, and 3.0°C global warming levels

Samuel

Wiston

Mphale

et al. 2022

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…This has led to contradictory conclusions for the same region [52]. Additionally, the computational power and time investment required to run these models is a global issue [53][54][55][56][57] (e.g., CMIP and CORDEX), and can be beyond the reach of many researchers, leading to the necessity of collaboration with international partners. Bias correction [17,58,59] is an additional factor required in validating models; however, the reliability of the output is dependent on the approach employed and the extent of the calibration time, which factors may lead to questionable results, particularly for arid to semi-arid regions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Resolving Challenges Associated with Climate Change Modelling in Africa

et al. 2022

Self Cite

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Climate change is a significant concern impacting food security, agricultural reform, disease transmission, and disruption to human, plant, and animal ecosystems, along with a host of additional consequences, ultimately affecting the quality of life and the livelihoods of the global population. African-based research aims to better understand the impact of climate change on nature and on different aspects of humanity, as well as improve forecasting for greater economic potential. However, researchers often encounter various challenges and obstacles. Here, we conducted a bibliographic analysis and interpretation of relevant climate change peer-reviewed research articles related to the African continent. From this analysis, challenges associated with climate change modelling in Africa were identified. Primarily, the lack of an extensive observational network and technological limitations hinder modelling efforts. Additionally, an apparent pull of scientists away from African institutions to institutions further afield was observed. Novel solutions to these challenges are proffered. Finally, we highlight how the German Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD) Climate Research for Alumni and Postdocs in Africa (climapAfrica) program is contributing towards resolving these challenges.

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“…Heat stress is one of the most hazardous abiotic stresses that severely affect plant growth and development [ 1 , 2 ]. At present, the average global warming is about 2 °C above pre-industrial levels [ 3 , 4 ]. It is anticipated that steadily rising temperatures as a result of global climate change will have a negative impact on agricultural productivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutamic Acid and Poly-γ-glutamic Acid Enhanced the Heat Resistance of Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) by Improving Carotenoid Biosynthesis, Photosynthesis, and ROS Signaling

Quan

Zheng

Tan

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Heat stress is one of the most common agrometeorological risks in crop production in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China. This study aimed to investigate whether glutamic acid (Glu) or poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) biostimulants can improve the thermotolerance of a cool-season Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) crop. Priming with Glu (2.0 mM) or γ-PGA (20 mg·L−1) was conducted at the third leaf stage by applying as daily foliar sprays for 5 days before 5 days of heat stress (45 °C in 16-h light/35 °C in 8-h dark). Coupled with morpho-physiological and biochemical analyses, transcriptomes of Glu or γ-PGA-primed Chinese cabbage under heat stress were examined by RNA-seq analysis. The results showed that the thermotolerance conferred by Glu and γ-PGA priming was associated with the increased parameters of vegetative growth, gas exchange, and chlorophyll fluorescence. Compared with the control, the dry weights of plants treated with Glu and γ-PGA increased by 51.52% and 39.39%, respectively. Glu and γ-PGA application also significantly increased the contents of total chlorophyll by 42.21% and 23.12%, and carotenoid by 32.00% and 24.00%, respectively. In addition, Glu- and γ-PGA-primed plants markedly inhibited the levels of malondialdehyde, electrolyte leakage, and super-oxide anion radical, which was accompanied by enhanced activity levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and peroxidase (POD). Enrichment analysis of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) categories within the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) functional clusters of RNA-seq data indicated that the expression levels of the genes for DNA replication, DNA repair system, linoleic acid metabolism, cysteine and methionine metabolism, glutathione metabolism, purine and pyrimidine metabolism, carotenoid biosynthesis, and plant–pathogen interaction were commonly up-regulated by both Glu and γ-PGA priming. Glu treatment enhanced the expression levels of the genes involved in aliphatic glucosinolate and 2-oxocarboxylic acid, while γ-PGA treatment activated carotenoid cleavage reaction to synthesize abscisic acid. Taken together, both Glu and γ-PGA have great potential for the preadaptation of Chinese cabbage seedlings to heat stress, with Glu being more effective than γ-PGA.

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Potential impact of 1.5, 2 and 3 °C global warming levels on heat and discomfort indices changes over Central Africa

Cited by 31 publications

References 46 publications

Changes in extreme precipitation events in the Zambezi River basins based on CORDEX‐CORE models, Part II: Future projections under 1.5, 2.0, and 3.0°C global warming levels

Changes in extreme precipitation events in the Zambezi River basins based on CORDEX‐CORE models, Part II: Future projections under 1.5, 2.0, and 3.0°C global warming levels

Towards Resolving Challenges Associated with Climate Change Modelling in Africa

Glutamic Acid and Poly-γ-glutamic Acid Enhanced the Heat Resistance of Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) by Improving Carotenoid Biosynthesis, Photosynthesis, and ROS Signaling

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