Potential interactions among disease, pesticides, water quality and adjacent land cover in amphibian habitats in the United States

Battaglin, William A.; Smalling, Kelly L.; Anderson, Chauncey W.; Calhoun, Daniel L.; Chestnut, Tara; Muths, Erin

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.062

Cited by 70 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Details on the site locations, characteristics, and sampling design are provided in detail in Battaglin et al. () and Smalling et al. () and thus are only briefly covered here.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The frogs were euthanized, wrapped in aluminum foil, and then placed in a freezer for later whole‐body analysis of pesticides and pesticide degradates (Battaglin et al. ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A majority of the lipid was removed using gel permeation chromatography followed by 6% deactivated Florisil previously activated at 550°C for 16 h (Battaglin et al. ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A pesticide paradox: fungicides indirectly increase fungal infections

Rohr

Brown

Battaglin

et al. 2017

Ecological Applications

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There are many examples where the use of chemicals have had profound unintended consequences, such as fertilizers reducing crop yields (paradox of enrichment) and insecticides increasing insect pests (by reducing natural biocontrol). Recently, the application of agrochemicals, such as agricultural disinfectants and fungicides, has been explored as an approach to curb the pathogenic fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), which is associated with worldwide amphibian declines. However, the long-term, net effects of early-life exposure to these chemicals on amphibian disease risk have not been thoroughly investigated. Using a combination of laboratory experiments and analysis of data from the literature, we explored the effects of fungicide exposure on Bd infections in two frog species. Extremely low concentrations of the fungicides azoxystrobin, chlorothalonil, and mancozeb were directly toxic to Bd in culture. However, estimated environmental concentrations of the fungicides did not reduce Bd on Cuban tree frog (Osteopilus septentrionalis) tadpoles exposed simultaneously to any of these fungicides and Bd, and fungicide exposure actually increased Bd-induced mortality. Additionally, exposure to any of these fungicides as tadpoles resulted in higher Bd abundance and greater Bd-induced mortality when challenged with Bd post-metamorphosis, an average of 71 days after their last fungicide exposure. Analysis of data from the literature revealed that previous exposure to the fungicide itraconazole, which is commonly used to clear Bd infections, made the critically endangered booroolong frog (Litoria booroolongensis) more susceptible to Bd. Finally, a field survey revealed that Bd prevalence was positively associated with concentrations of fungicides in ponds. Although fungicides show promise for controlling Bd, these results suggest that, if fungicides do not completely eliminate Bd or if Bd re-colonizes, exposure to fungicides has the potential to do more harm than good. To ensure that fungicide applications have the intended consequence of curbing amphibian declines, researchers must identify which fungicides do not compromise the pathogen resistance mechanisms of amphibians.

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“…Details on the site locations, characteristics, and sampling design are provided in detail in Battaglin et al. () and Smalling et al. () and thus are only briefly covered here.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The frogs were euthanized, wrapped in aluminum foil, and then placed in a freezer for later whole‐body analysis of pesticides and pesticide degradates (Battaglin et al. ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A pesticide paradox: fungicides indirectly increase fungal infections

Rohr

Brown

Battaglin

et al. 2017

Ecological Applications

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show abstract

“…To investigate for an association between fungicide exposure and Bd infections, we collected water, bed sediment, Bd, and frog tissue samples concurrently from 21 sites in seven states (California, Colorado, Georgia, Idaho, Louisiana, Maine, and Oregon) in 2009 and 2010 and quantified Bd and fungicide concentrations. Details on the site locations, characteristics, and sampling design are provided in detail in Battaglin et al (2016) and Smalling et al (2015) and thus are only briefly covered here. Approximately 1 L of water and a stainless steel scoop of bed sediment were collected from each site to quantify pesticide or pesticide degradates.…”

Section: Effects Of the Fungicides On Bd Prevalence In The Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

A pesticide paradox: Fungicides indirectly increase fungal infections

Rohr

Brown

Battaglin

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. There are many examples where the use of chemicals have had profound 16 unintended consequences, such as fertilizers reducing crop yields (paradox of 17 enrichment) and insecticides increasing insect pests (by reducing natural biocontrol). 18Recently, the application of agrochemicals, such as agricultural disinfectants and 19 fungicides, has been explored as an approach to curb the pathogenic fungus, 20Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), which is associated with worldwide amphibian 21 declines. However, the long-term, net effects of early-life exposure to these chemicals on 22 amphibian disease risk have not been thoroughly investigated. Using a combination of 23 laboratory experiments and analysis of data from the literature, we explored the effects of 24 fungicide exposure on Bd infections in two frog species. Extremely low concentrations of 25 the fungicides azoxystrobin, chlorothalonil, and mancozeb were directly toxic to Bd in 26 culture. However, estimated environmental concentrations of the fungicides did not 27 reduce Bd on Cuban tree frog (Osteopilus septentrionalis) tadpoles exposed 28 simultaneously to any of these fungicides and Bd, and fungicide exposure actually 29 increased Bd-induced mortality. Additionally, exposure to any of these fungicides as 30 tadpoles resulted in higher Bd abundance and greater Bd-induced mortality when 31 challenged with Bd post-metamorphosis, an average of 71 days after their last fungicide 32 exposure. Analysis of data from the literature revealed that previous exposure to the 33 fungicide itraconazole, which is commonly used to clear Bd infections, made the 34 critically endangered booroolong frog (Litoria booroolongensis) more susceptible to Bd. 35Finally, a field survey revealed that Bd prevalence was positively associated with 36 concentrations of fungicides in ponds. Although fungicides show promise for controlling 37Bd, these results suggest that, if fungicides do not completely eliminate Bd or if Bd re-38 . CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license It is made available under a (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.The copyright holder for this preprint . http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/156018 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online Jun. 26, 2017; 3 colonizes, exposure to fungicides has the potential to do more harm than good. To ensure 39 that fungicide applications have the intended consequence of curbing amphibian declines, 40 researchers must identify which fungicides do not compromise the pathogen resistance 41 mechanisms of amphibians. 42 43

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“…The use of pesticides often results in a loss of biodiversity due to their high toxicity to birds, plants, and animals [48]. Additionally, these compounds are widely distributed in the environment and have been detected in water, soil, sewage sludge, sediment, and the aquatic biota [49][50][51][52][53][54]. In human beings, they may increase the risk of psychiatric [55] and endocrine-disrupting disorders [56] and promote renal, neurological, hepatic, and reproductive problems, even in low levels [57][58][59].…”

Section: Environmental Relevance Of Pesticides Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Pesticide Monitoring at Environmental Samples Using Carbon Nanotubes-Based Electrochemical Sensors

Wong

Silva

Caetano

et al. 2017

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Carbon nanotubes have received enormous attention in the development of electrochemical sensors by promoting electron transfer reactions, decreasing the work overpotential within great surface areas. The growing concerns about environmental health emphasized the necessity of continuous monitoring of pollutants. Pesticides have been successfully used to control agricultural and public health pests; however, intense use can cause a number of damages for biodiversity and human health. In this sense, carbon nanotubes-based electrochemical sensors have been proposed for pesticide monitoring combining different electrode modification strategies and electroanalytical techniques. In this paper, we provide a review of the recent advances in the use of carbon nanotubes for the construction of electrochemical sensors dedicated to the environmental monitoring of pesticides. Future directions, perspectives, and challenges are also commented.

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Potential interactions among disease, pesticides, water quality and adjacent land cover in amphibian habitats in the United States

Cited by 70 publications

References 91 publications

A pesticide paradox: fungicides indirectly increase fungal infections

A pesticide paradox: fungicides indirectly increase fungal infections

A pesticide paradox: Fungicides indirectly increase fungal infections

An Overview of Pesticide Monitoring at Environmental Samples Using Carbon Nanotubes-Based Electrochemical Sensors

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