Potential involvement of lactate and interleukin-6 in the appetite-regulatory hormonal response to an acute exercise bout

Islam, Hashim; Townsend, Logan K.; McKie, Greg L.; Medeiros, Philip J.; Gurd, Brendon J.; Hazell, Tom J.

doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00218.2017

Cited by 77 publications

(86 citation statements)

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“…For example, evidence of appetite suppression following HIIT and SIT has been reported in several studies, 32,[76][77][78][79][80][81][82] and it appears that high-intensity exercise can induce suppression to a greater extent than MICT. 76,83 Together, the combination of a negative energy balance plus decreased appetite following HIIT/SIT may partially account for the observed improvements in body composition. Other potential mechanisms may include increased fat oxidation following HIIT and SIT, as these protocols result in significant glycogen depletion 47,48 and increase plasma glycerol concentrations after exercise, 66 suggesting lipids as an important energy source to meet energetic demands while glycogen resynthesis occurs.…”

Section: Fat Lossmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Rather, it is more likely that the EPOC response is a small part in the overall fat loss process and contributes to a combination of exercise‐related changes to energy balance over repeated sessions of interval training that results in the HIIT/SIT‐induced fat loss. For example, evidence of appetite suppression following HIIT and SIT has been reported in several studies, and it appears that high‐intensity exercise can induce suppression to a greater extent than MICT . Together, the combination of a negative energy balance plus decreased appetite following HIIT/SIT may partially account for the observed improvements in body composition.…”

Section: Relevance Of Epoc For Fat Lossmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Other potential mechanisms may include increased fat oxidation following HIIT and SIT, as these protocols result in significant glycogen depletion and increase plasma glycerol concentrations after exercise, suggesting lipids as an important energy source to meet energetic demands while glycogen resynthesis occurs . Additionally, HIIT and SIT may stimulate significant increases in circulating catecholamines and other hormones promoting fat oxidation, such as adiponectin and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) …”

Section: Relevance Of Epoc For Fat Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…49 Additionally, HIIT and SIT may stimulate significant increases in circulating catecholamines and other hormones promoting fat oxidation, such as adiponectin and interleukin-6 (IL-6). 32,76,84 6 | METHODOLOGICAL…”

Section: Fat Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanistic and methodological perspectives on the impact of intense interval training on post‐exercise metabolism

Moniz

Islam

Hazell

2020

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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The post‐exercise recovery period is associated with an elevated metabolism known as excess post‐exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC). The relationship between exercise duration and EPOC magnitude is thought to be linear whereas the relationship between EPOC magnitude and exercise intensity is thought to be exponential. Accordingly, near‐maximal and supramaximal protocols such as high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) and sprint interval training (SIT) protocols have been hypothesized to produce greater EPOC magnitudes than submaximal moderate‐intensity continuous training (MICT). This review updates previous reviews by focusing on the impact of HIIT and SIT on EPOC. Research to date suggests small differences in EPOC post‐HIIT compared to MICT in the immediate (<1 hour) recovery period, but greater EPOC values post‐HIIT when examined over 24 hours. Conversely, differences in EPOC post‐SIT are more pronounced, as SIT tends to produce a larger EPOC vs MICT at all time points. We discuss potential mechanisms that may drive the EPOC response to interval training (eg, glycogen resynthesis, mitochondrial uncoupling, and protein turnover among others) and also consider the role of EPOC as one of the potential contributors to fat loss following HIIT/SIT interventions. Lastly, we highlight a number of methodological shortcomings related to the measurement of EPOC following HIIT and SIT.

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Section: Fat Lossmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Relevance Of Epoc For Fat Lossmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Relevance Of Epoc For Fat Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fat Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Mechanistic and methodological perspectives on the impact of intense interval training on post‐exercise metabolism

Moniz

Islam

Hazell

2020

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

Self Cite

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“…There are two latest clinical studies demonstrating the role of exercise in GLP‐1 secretion. Firstly, Islam et al, demonstrated that acute exercise bout in healthy volunteers regulate the appetite via lactate and IL‐6 which leads to GLP‐1 secretion in the aspect of energy homoeostasis. Acute intensive exercise leads to a transient reduction in appetite, suppressing ghrelin which is an appetite‐stimulating hormone and increasing GLP‐1 concentration.…”

Section: Exercise Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between diet/exercise and pharmacotherapy to enhance the GLP‐1 levels in type 2 diabetes

Fujiwara

Eguchi

Murayama

et al. 2019

Endocrino Diabet & Metabol

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The rapid rise in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) poses a huge healthcare burden across the world. Although there are several antihyperglycaemic agents (AHAs) available including addition of new drug classes to the treatment algorithm, more than 50% of patients with T2DM do not achieve glycaemic targets, suggesting an urgent need for treatment strategies focusing on prevention and progression of T2DM and its long‐term complications. Lifestyle changes including implementation of healthy diet and physical activity are cornerstones for the management of T2DM. The positive effects of diet and exercise on incretin hormones such as glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) have been reported. We hypothesize an IDEP concept (Interaction between Diet/Exercise and Pharmacotherapy) aimed at modifying the diet and lifestyle, along with pharmacotherapy to enhance the GLP‐1 levels, would result in good glycaemic control in patients with T2DM. Consuming protein‐rich food, avoiding saturated fatty acids and making small changes in eating habits such as eating slowly with longer mastication time can have a positive impact on the GLP‐1 secretion and insulin levels. Further the type of physical activity (aerobic/resistance training), intensity of exercise, duration, time and frequency of exercise have shown to improve GLP‐1 levels. Apart from AHAs, a few antihypertensive drugs and lipid‐lowering drugs have also shown to increase endogenous GLP‐1 levels, however, due to quick degradation of GLP‐1 by dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) enzyme, treatment with DPP‐4 inhibitors would protect GLP‐1 from degradation and prolong its activity. Thus, IDEP concept can be a promising treatment strategy, which positively influences the GLP‐1 levels and provide additive benefits in terms of improving metabolic parameters in patients with T2DM and slowing the progression of T2DM and its associated complications.

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The effects of acute aerobic exercise on appetite‐regulating parameters and energy intake in males with obesity

Khodabandeh,

Rahmani‐nia,

Mirzaei

et al. 2024

Health Science Reports

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ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of moderate‐intensity aerobic exercise on appetite control parameters, appetite perceptions, and energy intake in sedentary males with obesity.DesignEleven males with obesity (body fat percentage 36.5 ± 2.5%, body mass index 35.3 ± 4.2 kg/m2, V̇O2peak 29 ± 3.1 mL·kg−1·min−1) completed two experimental sessions: (1) no exercise (CTRL) and (2) 60 min of moderate‐intensity cycling exercise at 60% V̇O2peak (MICT) in a crossover design. Blood analysis included growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF‐15), total ghrelin, peptide tyrosine tyrosine3–36 (PYY3–36), total glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1), insulin, and glucose, as well as subjective appetite perceptions were measured in specific intervals. A standard breakfast at 0 h and an ad libitum meal postexercise was provided.ResultGDF‐15 (95% confidence interval [CI]: [2.48–27.28] ng/L, p = 0.021) increased immediately following MICT compared to CTRL. However, there were no differences for PYY3–36 (p = 0.480, ), total ghrelin (p = 0.646, ), and total GLP‐1 (p = 0.451, ) between sessions. Appetite perceptions (95% CI: [(−20.38)–(−6.16)] mm, p = 0.001) were suppressed following MICT though energy intake was not different between the sessions (95% CI: [(−1904.9)–928.1] kJ, p = 0.480).ConclusionSixty minutes of MICT increased GDF‐15 while suppressing appetite perceptions in individuals with obesity. There was no energy compensation postexercise.

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Potential involvement of lactate and interleukin-6 in the appetite-regulatory hormonal response to an acute exercise bout

Cited by 77 publications

References 60 publications

Mechanistic and methodological perspectives on the impact of intense interval training on post‐exercise metabolism

Mechanistic and methodological perspectives on the impact of intense interval training on post‐exercise metabolism

Relationship between diet/exercise and pharmacotherapy to enhance the GLP‐1 levels in type 2 diabetes

The effects of acute aerobic exercise on appetite‐regulating parameters and energy intake in males with obesity

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