Potential marker of oral squamous cell carcinoma aggressiveness detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization in fine‐needle aspiration biopsies

Abstract

BACKGROUND Amplification of chromosome 11q13 is a frequent event in carcinogenesis of the head and neck squamous cell carcinomas including oral carcinoma. METHODS Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), using a BAC clone specific for the cyclin D1 gene (CCND1), was performed on specimens obtained by fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) from 50 patients with primary oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs.). RESULTS The CCND1 numerical aberration was identified in 21 (42.0%) of 50 patients with primary OSCCs. The CCND1 amplification was determined in 16 (32.0%) of these patients. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that all 21 tumors showing the CCND1 numerical aberration overexpressed the CCND1 protein. The CCND1 numerical aberration was associated significantly with histopathologic grading (P = 0.032), the mode of invasion (P = 0.047), the presence of cancer cells at the resection margin (P = 0.033), pathologic lymph nodestatus (P = 0.045), disease recurrence (P = 0.004), and survival (P = 0.004). The disease‐free and overall survival period of patients with the CCND1 numerical aberration was significantly shorter than that of patients without the CCND1 numerical aberration (P = 0.0016 and P = 0.0019, respectively). Moreover, a multivariate analysis showed that the CCND1 numerical aberration retained an independent prognostic value. CONCLUSIONS The CCND1 numerical aberration is useful both as a prognostic indicator that is independent of the TNM classification, and an indicator to assist in determination of the appropriate treatment for patients with OSCCs. Analysis of the CCND1 numerical aberration using FISH on FNABs may be a useful and practical method for predicting aggressive tumors, recurrence, and clinical outcome in patients with OSCCs. Cancer 2002;95:2152–9. © 2002 American Cancer Society. DOI 10.1002/cncr.10929

Clinicopathological and prognostic implications of genetic alterations in oral cancers

“…Although detected by interphase FISH analysis in earlier studies (42), such an association was not found by CGH studies of oral cancers. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is first to report an association of +11q13 with poor clinical outcome in the more homogenous group of oral cancers.…”

Loss of 3p26.3 is an independent prognostic factor in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma

“…The aberration in the 11q13 region includes CCND1 and FGF4, which have been associated with OSCC (25)(26)(27). Numerical aberrations of CCND1 have been linked with nodal metastasis and poor prognosis in OSCC and FGF4 overexpression detected immunohistochemically has been correlated with a worse prognosis in primary OSCC (21,28). BIRC2 (baculoviral IAP repeatcontaining protein 2) is a candidate gene included in the 11q22 high-level gain, and overexpression of BIRC2 related to the amplification of 11q22 has previously been found in OSCC (20).…”

Significance of myofibroblast appearance in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity on the occurrence of occult regional metastases, distant metastases, and survival

“…Most of the biological markers of metastases are derived from cancer cells rather than the stroma. However, assessment of the tumor-host borderline provides a correlation with prognosis and understanding the mode of tumour cell invasion which enables prediction of the treatment outcome [8][9][10] . The aim of the present study is to assess the abundance of stromal myofibroblasts (SMF), and to correlate it with cancer recurrence and patient's survival.…”