Potential nitrogen mobilisation from the Yedoma permafrost domain

Abstract

Permafrost regions, characterised by extensive belowground excess ice, are highly vulnerable to rapid thaw, particularly in areas such as the Yedoma domain. This region is known to freeze-lock a globally significant stock of soil nitrogen (N). However, the fate of this N upon permafrost thaw remains largely unknown. In this study, we assess the impact of climate warming on the size and dynamics of the soil N pool in (sub-)Arctic ecosystems, drawing up-on recently published data and literature. Our findings suggest that climate warming and in-creased thaw depths will result in an expansion of the reactive soil N pool due to the larger volume of (seasonally) thawed soil. Dissolved organic N emerges as the predominant N form for rapid cycling within (sub-)Arctic ecosystems. The fate of newly thawed N from perma-frost is primarily influenced by plant uptake, microbial immobilisation, changes in decompo-sition rates due to improved N availability, as well as lateral flow.
The Yedoma domain contains substantial N pools, and the partial but increasing thaw of this previously frozen N has the potential to amplify climate feedbacks through additional ni-trous oxide (N2O) emissions. Our ballpark estimate indicates that the Yedoma domain may contribute approximately 6% of the global annual rate of N2O emissions from soils under natural vegetation. However, the released soil N could also mitigate climate feedbacks by promoting enhanced vegetation carbon uptake. The likelihood and rate of N2O production are highest in permafrost thaw sites with intermediate moisture content and disturbed vegeta-tion, but accurately predicting future landscape and hydrology changes in the Yedoma do-main remains challenging. Nevertheless, it is evident that the permafrost-climate feedback will be significantly influenced by the quantity and mobilisation state of this unconsidered N pool.

Microbial Communities Degrade Ancient Permafrost‐Derived Organic Matter in Arctic Seawater

“…Potentially, the inorganic nitrogen released during permafrost degradation could enhance primary production in the Arctic Ocean, capturing part of the released CO 2 (Strauss et al, 2022;Terhaar et al, 2021). However, the oxidation of ammonium is also a major source of the potent GHG nitrous oxide (Fiencke et al, 2022), and the implications of inorganic nitrogen release and associated feedback mechanisms remain poorly understood (Strauss et al, 2022(Strauss et al, , 2024.…”