Potential of bio-energy production in Ethiopia based on available biomass residues

Gabisa, Elias W.; Gheewala, Shabbir H.

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2018.02.009

Cited by 80 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Most of the Ethiopian population lives in rural areas and is particularly dependent on agriculture (World Bank Group, 2017). Nearly 90% of the energy demand comes from biomass, such as woody biomass and agricultural residues, which are used for cooking and baking (Gabisa and Gheewala, 2018). The ubiquitous dependence on forestry fuels has caused significant deforestation for the last 35 years, and farmers have to spend a lot of time and money to access wood (Kamp and Bermúdez Forn, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the biogas potential of anaerobic digestion of coffee husks wastes in Ethiopia

Zhang

et al. 2020

Waste Manag Res

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The poorly controlled discharge of coffee husks in Ethiopia causes severe environmental pollution and is a waste of resources. The volatile solid and carbon content in coffee husks waste indicates that it is rich in organic matter and has huge potential to produce biogas. This study investigated the feasibility of coffee husks to produce biomass through anaerobic digestion, based on temperature, initial pH, inoculum/substrate (I/S) ratio and carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio. The study demonstrated that the maximum production of biogas and methane reached 3359.6 ml and 2127.30 ml, respectively, under the conditions of mesophilic temperature (35±1°C), an initial pH of 7, an I/S ratio of 0.75 and a C/N ratio of 30. Based on this result, the effects of trace elements (Fe2+, Ni2+, Co2+) on biogas production and methane content were also explored. Compared with the group with no addition of trace elements, the experiment adding trace elements had significant enhancement effects on the production of biogas and methane, in which Fe2+ played a leading role ( p<0.05). Fe2+ promoted the hydrolysis and acidification of coffee husks, resulting in the production of a series of intermediates such as volatile fatty acids and the other kinds of dissolved organic matter. Furthermore, the cooperation of Ni2+, Co2+ and Fe2+ enhanced the activity of the enzyme system in methanogens, promoting methane production. The results in this paper show that coffee husks have clear biogas potential through anaerobic digestion, and its effective utilization could fulfill the dual purpose of solid waste reclamation and local environmental protection in Ethiopia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the biogas potential of anaerobic digestion of coffee husks wastes in Ethiopia

Zhang

et al. 2020

Waste Manag Res

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“…However, the woody nature of the residues of some crops restricts their utilization to fuel uses only. The dominant end uses of crop residues in the LDCs are as fodder for cattle, fuel for cooking, and thatch material for housing [17,[67][68][69]. All the non-fodder, non-fertilizer agricultural residues with low moisture content can, in principle, be considered as feedstocks for energy applications.…”

Section: Estimating the Bioelectricity: Methodological Approach And Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Bioenergy Supply and Demand in Selected Least Developed Countries (LDCs): Exploratory Assessment of Modern Bioenergy’s Contribution to SDG7

Khatiwada

Purohit

Ackom³

2019

Sustainability

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Bioenergy can play an important role in achieving the agreed United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and implementing the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, thereby advancing climate goals, food security, better land use, and sustainable energy for all. In this study, we assess the surplus agricultural residues availability for bioelectricity in six least developed countries (LDCs) in Asia and Africa, namely Bangladesh, Lao-PDR, and Nepal in Asia; and Ethiopia, Malawi, and Zambia in Africa, respectively. The surplus agricultural residues have been estimated using residue-to-product ratio (RPR), agricultural residues lost in the collection, transportation and storage, and their alternative applications. We use a linear regression model to project the economic potential of bioelectricity. The contribution of bioelectricity for meeting the LDCs’ electricity requirements is estimated in a time frame between 2017 and 2030. Our results reveal that the surplus biomass feedstock available from the agriculture sector could provide the total current electricity demand in Malawi alone, followed by Nepal (45%), Bangladesh (29%), Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao-PDR) (29%), Ethiopia (27%), and Zambia (13%). This study also explores the complementarity and synergies of bioelectricity, SDG7, and their interlinkages with other SDGs. Findings from the study show that providing access to sustainable energy in the LDCs to meet the SDG7 by 2030 might be a challenge due to limited access to technology, infrastructure, and finance. Site-specific investigations on how much agricultural residues could be extracted in an environmentally benign manner for bioelectricity and increased investment in the bioenergy sector are key potential solutions in a myriad of options required to harness the full energy potential in the LDCs.

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“…In addition to water electrolyzer, hydrogen can be produced from biomass. Biomass is one of the most important energy sources and estimating to contribute in the range of 9-15% on a global scale [11,61]. This biomass energy is the pillar for the total energy consumption especially in sub-Saharan African countries including Ethiopia [62].…”

Section: Hydrogen From Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2010, biomass energy has accounted for 91% of the total energy consumption in Ethiopia [17]. However, the biomass is used in direct burning of open fire and leading to indoor air pollution that pays for the suffering of millions of people [61].…”

Section: Hydrogen From Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deployable Membrane-Based Energy Technologies: the Ethiopian Prospect

et al. 2020

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Membrane-based energy technologies are presently gaining huge interest due to the fundamental engineering and potentially broad range of applications, with economic advantages over some of the competing technologies. Herein, we assess the potential deployability of the existing and emerging membrane-based energy technologies (MEnT) in Ethiopia. First, the status of the current energy technologies is provided along with the active energy and environmental policies to shape the necessary research strategies for technology planning and implementation. Ethiopia is a landlocked country, which limits the effective extraction of energy, for instance, from seawater using alternative, clean technologies such as reverse electrodialysis and pressure retarded osmosis. However, there exists an excess off-grid solar power (up to 5 MW) and wind which can be used to drive water electrolyzers for hydrogen production. Hydrogen is a versatile energy carrier that, for instance, can be used in fuel cells providing zero-emission solutions for transport and mobility. Although Ethiopia is not among the largest CO2 emitters, with more than 90% energy supply obtained from waste and biomass, the economic and industrial growth still calls for alternative CO2 capture and use technologies, which are highlighted in this work. We believe that the present work provides i) the status and potential for the implementation of MEnT in Ethiopia ii) and basic guidance for researchers exploring new energy pathways toward sustainable development in developing countries. Ion-exchange membranes; fuel cells; electrolyzers; salinity gradient power; CO2 capture and use

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Potential of bio-energy production in Ethiopia based on available biomass residues

Cited by 80 publications

References 28 publications

Study on the biogas potential of anaerobic digestion of coffee husks wastes in Ethiopia

Study on the biogas potential of anaerobic digestion of coffee husks wastes in Ethiopia

Mapping Bioenergy Supply and Demand in Selected Least Developed Countries (LDCs): Exploratory Assessment of Modern Bioenergy’s Contribution to SDG7

Deployable Membrane-Based Energy Technologies: the Ethiopian Prospect

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