Potential of botanicals and biocontrol agents on growth and aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus infecting rice grains

Reddy, K. R. N.; Reddy, C. Suresh; Muralidharan, K.

doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2008.03.009

Cited by 173 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Toxic fungal metabolites in feeds, due to synergism, reciprocally complement and enhance their negative effects (17)(18)(19)(20). So far as a combination of toxins was found, the sum of their excesses over the levels accepted hereinabove as referent values was conditionally considered as «the silage toxicity» parameter and used for estimating and comparing complex effect of the preparation tested.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Mycotoxin Accumulation in Silage During Storage

Laptev¹,

Novikova²,

Ильина³

et al. 2014

S-h. biol.

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A b s t r a c tThe presence of mycotoxins in the feeds is a big problem in the world. Result of improper silaging is the occurrence of mycotoxins, the metabolic products of molds. Today there is too little information on the accumulation of mycotoxins in silage during ensiling, and there is no answer to the question how to resolve this problem. This article includes results of mycotoxins' analysis (aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, T-2 toxin, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol) in the original forage plant material of cocksfoot Dactylis glomerata L. and in the silage at various stages of experimental ensilaging. Also the influence of biological preparations Biotrof and Biotrof-111 (Biotrof+ Ltd, Russia) and chemical preparations AIV 3 Plus and AIV 2000 Plus (KEMIRA OYJ, Finland) for the preservation of silage on reducing the amount of toxic fungal metabolites was investigated. Analysis of the amount of mycotoxins in the samples was performed by the enzyme immunoassay method using ELISA test kit AgraQuant TM (Romer Labs, Inc., Austria). Analysis of the accumulation of mycotoxins in feed plant material and silage showed that mycotoxins already occurred in forage plants as a result of fungal attacks during the growing season and later in the silages if conditions were suitable for mold growth. The biological preparations for ensiling effectively decrease the accumulation of mycotoxins in the silage compared to the variant without supplementation. At the end of silage storage the amount of aflatoxins in the variants with Biotrof and Biotrof-111 was lower by 17.7 and 9.1 %, respectively, compared to the control, with a decrease in the value of ochratoxin A by 21.4 and 34.9 %, T-2 toxin by 20.1 and 32.8 %, zearalenone by 17.7 and 10.4 %, and deoxynivalenol by 0.8 and 55.8 %, respectively. So far as in Russia no maximum permissible concentrations are specified for mycotoxins in silage, the values for feed grain of oats, wheat and barley taxonomically close to perennial cocksfoot grass were used for comparison (corn, one more cereal crop, is not a traditional forage plant in the North West region of Russia). The greatest deterrent effect on accumulation of mycotoxins had the preparation based on Bacillus subtilis. Chemical preparation decreased the accumulation of some mycotoxins in the storage silage. However, the silage' total toxicity in presence of the chemical preparation was quite high relatively the maximum permissible concentrations used in this study as the reference values. It significantly surpassed control in the second half of storage. As it is well known, due to changes in environmental conditions the production of mycotoxins by molds increases. In this regard, in our experiment, the influence of chemical preparation has become a stress factor that caused the active synthesis of mycotoxins by molds.Keywords: mycotoxins, forage plants, silage, maximum limit of mycotoxins content, the biological preparation for ensiling, the chemical preparation for ensiling.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Mycotoxin Accumulation in Silage During Storage

Laptev¹,

Novikova²,

Ильина³

et al. 2014

S-h. biol.

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“…Many species of bacteria and fungi have been shown to enzymatically degrade mycotoxins [13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. In this case no harmful chemicals were used, so no significant losses in nutritive value and palatability of decontaminated food and feed occurred.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxin Decontamination Aspects in Food, Feed and Renewables Using Fermentation Processes

Juodeikienė¹,

Bašinskienė²,

Bartkienė³

et al. 2012

Structure and Function of Food Engineering

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“…are widely used in agriculture as biopesticides, bioprotectants, biostimulants, and biofertilizers on a wide variety of plants (Harman & Kubicek, 1998). It has been found from different research works that Trichoderma can reduce the disease incidence caused by Aspergillus niger (Gajera et al, 2011;Rajkonda et al, 2011), Aspergillus flavus (Reddy et al, 2009), Sclerotium rolfsii (Abdel-Kader et al, 2011;Manjula et al, 2004), Pythium aphanidermatum (Devaki et al, 1992;Sharma & Sain, 2003, 2006Mishra, 2010), Rhizoctonia solanii (Abdel-Kader et al, 2011;Gveroska & Ziberoski, 2011). Both T. viride and T. harzianum were found to be capable of reducing the sclerotial population of M. phaseolina (Sharma, 1982;Sharma & Dureja, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Control of Groundnut Root Rot in Farmer’s Field

Sharma¹,

Saini²,

Deep³

et al. 2012

JAS

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Groundnut is an important oilseed crop predominantly grown in Rajasthan, India and has suffered a 55 to 85 percent root rot disease caused by multiple pathogen complex mainly Aspergillus niger, Apergillus flavus, Sclerotium rolfsii, Thievaliopsis basicola, Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium aphanidermatum perennating in soil and seed. Trichoderma harzianum (Th3) was used against Groundnut varieties (GG-10, GG-20, M-13 and Local varieties) to reduce the yield loss by root rot disease during the year 2009 and 2010 in farmers' fields in twelve villages in the Jaipur district of Rajasthan. The field trials were conducted by the application of Trichoderma harzianum in the form of powder and liquid bio-formulation. Trials were conducted by treating the soil, seed and foliage with powdered bio-formulation (Th3 SD, SA) at 5 g per kg seed/soil followed by spray treatment with liquid bio-formulation (Th3 FS) at 5 ml/l along with recommended IPM practices. The crops under farmer practice were significantly lower in yields with the diagnostic blackening symptoms travelling from roots to stem affecting the vascular system followed by shredding at root-stem internodes resulting in complete wilting and plant death while in Th3 treated crop blackening reduced and the root vascular system was free of disease. Maximum values of yield (39.17 Q/ha), R.C. Index (0.15), C.F.U. (38.5 x 10 6 ), and lowest root rot incidence (14.03%) was recorded in the Th3 treated groundnut crops. Increase in annual income also encouraged farmers to use the Trichoderma technology. Participatory approach and interaction between researcher and farmers helped in quick adoption and dissemination of use of biocontrol agents for groundnut growers in Rajasthan state, India.

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Potential of botanicals and biocontrol agents on growth and aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus infecting rice grains

Cited by 173 publications

References 49 publications

Dynamics of Mycotoxin Accumulation in Silage During Storage

Dynamics of Mycotoxin Accumulation in Silage During Storage

Mycotoxin Decontamination Aspects in Food, Feed and Renewables Using Fermentation Processes

Biological Control of Groundnut Root Rot in Farmer’s Field

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