Potential of Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) and Chip-CE with Dual Detection (Capacitively-Coupled Contactless Conductivity Detection (C4D) and Fluorescence Detection) for Monitoring of Nicotine and Cotinine Derivatization

Nuchtavorn, Nantana; Ryvolová, Markéta; Bek, Fritz; Macka, Mirek; Phechkrajang, Chutima; Suntornsuk, Leena

doi:10.2116/analsci.29.339

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…For such analysis, it is possible to use two separate CE instruments with C 4 D and LIF detection, respectively , but this increases the instrumental complexity and analysis time. Dual detection schemes were applied in CE earlier, including photometric‐conductomeric , photometric‐amperometric , conductometric‐fluorescence , conductometric‐MS , and photometric‐MS detection. In one example, even a three‐in‐one detector, including C 4 D, photometric and fluorescence detection mode has been presented .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of background electrolyte composition for simultaneous contactless conductivity and fluorescence detection in capillary electrophoresis of biological samples

et al. 2019

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In this article, optimization of BGE for simultaneous separation of inorganic ions, organic acids, and glutathione using dual C4D‐LIF detection in capillary electrophoresis is presented. The optimized BGE consisted of 30 mM 2‐[4‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)piperazin‐1‐yl]ethanesulfonic acid, 15 mM 2‐amino‐2‐hydroxymethyl‐propane‐1,3‐diol, and 2 mM 18‐crown‐6 at pH 7.2 and allowed simultaneous separation of ten inorganic anions and cations, three organic acids and glutathione in 20 min. The samples were injected hydrodynamically from both capillary ends using the double‐opposite end injection principle. Sensitive detection of anions, cations, and organic acids with micromolar LODs using C4D and simultaneously glutathione with nanomolar LODs using LIF was achieved in a single run. The developed BGE may be useful in analyses of biological samples containing analytes with differing concentrations of several orders of magnitude that is not possible with single detection mode.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of background electrolyte composition for simultaneous contactless conductivity and fluorescence detection in capillary electrophoresis of biological samples

et al. 2019

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“…C 4 D is based on the differences in conductivity of the BGE and analyte zones. It provides a versatile detection approach not depending on structural requirements as in case of UV or fluorescence detection . Its linear range covers often high concentrations but the LODs are typically rather high .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, amperometry was coupled to C 4 D detection , laser‐induced fluorescence , and electrochemoluminescence . Recently, C 4 D was furthermore hyphenated with fluorescence detection . Also a dual electrochemical detection concept and a dual photometric‐contactless conductivity detection approach were described.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining C⁴ D and MS as a dual detection approach for capillary electrophoresis

Beutner¹,

Cunha

Richter

et al. 2016

ELECTROPHORESIS

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The hyphenation of two detectors in combination with separation techniques is a powerful tool to enhance the analytical information. In this work, we present for the first time the coupling of two important detectors for capillary electrophoresis (CE), namely capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C(4) D) and electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF-MS). The elaborated experimental protocol took into account the requirements of separation aspects and the compatibility with both detectors. ESI-TOF-MS requires background electrolytes (BGE) containing only volatile components such as ammonium acetate or formate. These, however, exhibit a rather high conductivity, which is disadvantageous for C(4) D. Thus, the selection of the BGE in an appropriate concentration was undertaken for the determination of various phenolic compounds serving as a model system. The chosen BGE was a 10 mM ammonium acetate/ammonia buffer with a pH of 9. This BGE was a compromise concerning the detection performance of both detectors. The LODs for m-cresol, m- and p-nitrophenol, and 2,4-dinitrophenol were 3.1 μM (C(4) D), 0.8 μM (MS), 0.8 μM (MS), and 1.5 μM (MS), respectively. Moreover, the overall separation efficiency was excellent illustrating that detector-induced band broadening can be neglected in the CE-C(4) D/MS system. The analytical characteristics for the determination of phenolic compounds show the suitability of this dual detection approach and demonstrate the complementary use of C(4) D and MS detection.

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“…Analysis of nicotine in cigarettes has been accomplished by several methods to date, including HPLC [ 7 ], radioimmunoassay [ 8 ], GC-MS [ 9 , 10 ], and CE [ 11 , 12 ]. Analytical methods using HPLC will be carried out in the presence of large amount of solvents, which may seem quite wasteful.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Nicotine in Tobacco by Chemometric Optimization and Cation-Selective Exhaustive Injection in Combination with Sweeping-Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography

Lin

Feng

Wang

et al. 2015

Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry

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Nicotine is a potent chemical that excites the central nervous system and refreshes people. It is also physically addictive and causes dependence. To reduce the harm of tobacco products for smokers, a law was introduced that requires tobacco product containers to be marked with the amount of nicotine as well as tar. In this paper, an online stacking capillary electrophoresis (CE) method with cation-selective exhaustive injection sweeping-micellar electrokinetic chromatography (CSEI-sweeping-MEKC) is proposed for the optimized analysis of nicotine in tobacco. A higher conductivity buffer (160 mM phosphate buffer (pH 3)) zone was injected into the capillary, allowing for the analytes to be electrokinetically injected at a voltage of 15 kV for 15 min. Using 50 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate and 25% methanol in the sweeping buffer, nicotine was detected with high sensitivity. Thus, optimized conditions adapted from a chemometric approach provided a 6000-fold increase in the nicotine detection sensitivity using the CSEI-sweeping-MEKC method in comparison to normal CZE. The limits of detection were 0.5 nM for nicotine. The stacking method in combination with direct injection which matrix components would not interfere with assay performance was successfully applied to the detection of nicotine in tobacco samples.

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Potential of Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) and Chip-CE with Dual Detection (Capacitively-Coupled Contactless Conductivity Detection (C4D) and Fluorescence Detection) for Monitoring of Nicotine and Cotinine Derivatization

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

Optimization of background electrolyte composition for simultaneous contactless conductivity and fluorescence detection in capillary electrophoresis of biological samples

Optimization of background electrolyte composition for simultaneous contactless conductivity and fluorescence detection in capillary electrophoresis of biological samples

Combining C⁴ D and MS as a dual detection approach for capillary electrophoresis

Determination of Nicotine in Tobacco by Chemometric Optimization and Cation-Selective Exhaustive Injection in Combination with Sweeping-Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography

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Potential of Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) and Chip-CE with Dual Detection (Capacitively-Coupled Contactless Conductivity Detection (C4D) and Fluorescence Detection) for Monitoring of Nicotine and Cotinine Derivatization

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

Optimization of background electrolyte composition for simultaneous contactless conductivity and fluorescence detection in capillary electrophoresis of biological samples

Optimization of background electrolyte composition for simultaneous contactless conductivity and fluorescence detection in capillary electrophoresis of biological samples

Combining C4 D and MS as a dual detection approach for capillary electrophoresis

Determination of Nicotine in Tobacco by Chemometric Optimization and Cation-Selective Exhaustive Injection in Combination with Sweeping-Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography

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Combining C⁴ D and MS as a dual detection approach for capillary electrophoresis