Potential of cyanobacterial secondary metabolites as biomarkers for paleoclimate reconstruction

Lalić, Dijana; Meriluoto, Jussi; Zorić, Miroslav; Dulić, Tamara; Mirosavljević, Milan; Župunski, Milan; Svirčev, Zorica

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2019.104283

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The abundant preservation of scytonemin in deep sea sediments indicates that scytonemin is resistant to degradation during erosion and transport [28]. For this reason, scytonemin is regarded as one of the key biomarkers in both paleoclimatological reconstructions and in terrestrial extreme environments [29][30][31].…”

Section: Solubility and Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotechnological Production of the Sunscreen Pigment Scytonemin in Cyanobacteria: Progress and Strategy

et al. 2021

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Scytonemin is a promising UV-screen and antioxidant small molecule with commercial value in cosmetics and medicine. It is solely biosynthesized in some cyanobacteria. Recently, its biosynthesis mechanism has been elucidated in the model cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme PCC 73102. The direct precursors for scytonemin biosynthesis are tryptophan and p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate, which are generated through the shikimate and aromatic amino acid biosynthesis pathway. More upstream substrates are the central carbon metabolism intermediates phosphoenolpyruvate and erythrose-4-phosphate. Thus, it is a long route to synthesize scytonemin from the fixed atmospheric CO2 in cyanobacteria. Metabolic engineering has risen as an important biotechnological means for achieving sustainable high-efficiency and high-yield target metabolites. In this review, we summarized the biochemical properties of this molecule, its biosynthetic gene clusters and transcriptional regulations, the associated carbon flux-driving progresses, and the host selection and biosynthetic strategies, with the aim to expand our understanding on engineering suitable cyanobacteria for cost-effective production of scytonemin in future practices.

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