Potential of locally sustainable food baits and traps against the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata in Bolivia

Abstract

BACKGROUND Small‐scale farmers often take a double hit from pests such as tephritid fruit‐flies. The high price of products against fruit‐flies, together with the higher risk of reinfestation from neighboring orchards, limits options for control. Therefore, management requires low‐cost local products and concerted action. Peach production in central Bolivia is increasingly affected by invasive Ceratitis capitata. To provide locally sustainable techniques that could incentivize area‐wide cooperation of growers, we tested efficiency and specificity of low‐cost lures and traps compared with commercial lures and traps (Tephritrap). RESULTS In the laboratory, the local fermented beverage ‘chicha’ and baker's yeast were equally or more attractive than commercial lures. Both chicha and baker's yeast trapped more flies in field (average FTD 10.31 and 9.49), whereas commercially hydrolyzed protein lure (4.71) or Torula yeast (6.82). However, many non‐target species were caught (57.3% and 53.4%). Of the six PET bottles‐based traps used, the T‐trap caught a similar number of flies (average FTD 5.55), but fewer beneficial insects (0.16) compared to the Tephritrap (0.92). CONCLUSIONS This study provides fruit growers with an economical and effective method to capture large numbers of C. capitata, suitable to be part of integrated pest management programs for fruit fly control. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

Espécies de moscas-das-frutas descritas na Paraíba e atrativos utilizados para o manejo

“…Para que o Manejo Integrado de Pragas (MIP) seja eficiente, é fundamental um monitoramento continuo no pomar. Armadilhas e iscas preparadas a partir de materiais disponíveis no local como o melaço de cana-de-açúcar utilizado por Alves et al, (2019), são considerados ecológicos e eficazes para o manejo dessa praga (Candia et al, 2019).…”

“…Pesquisas atuais buscam por soluções locais sustentáveis de baixa tecnologia para garantir a segurança alimentar aliados a uma melhor geração de renda. Alguns atrativos utilizados tem um baixo ou nenhum impacto ambiental e podem ser inseridos com sucesso para monitoramento eficiente de C. capitata; Chicha e caldo de padeiro se mostraram ainda mais atraente do que a levedura Torula e proteína hidrolisada, Chicha capturou mais C. capitata do que qualquer um dos outros produtos (Candia et al, 2019). Chicha é obtida da fermentação não destilada do milho, é comum a adição de outros cereais no processo.…”

“…A adoção de práticas de manejo, através de monitoramento com atrativos alimentares e armadilhas podem contribuir para a redução da utilização de inseticidas, gerando assim ganhos ambientais (Alves et al, 2019). A utilização de atrativos alimentares, principalmente comerciais, possui um alto valor agregado, mediante isto, sucos de frutas e melaço, são os materiais utilizados para baratear o monitoramento, entretanto não são tão disseminados em função da incerteza da eficácia desses produtos (Candia et al, 2019).…”

Food Attractants for Mass Trapping of Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) and Its Selectivity for Beneficial Arthropods

“…Locally available, cheap food baits (sugarcane molasses and pineapple guava juice) were not efficient and non-selective. There are successful experiences of control of C. capitata (Candia et al 2018) and A. fraterculus with locally developed food lures (Lang et al 2006) such as fermented beverages and baker's yeast. On the other hand, it is relevant to consider the negative effect of low-specific attractants (such as Torula yeast, pineapple guava juice, and sugarcane molasses) on the quality of trap monitoring.…”

Comparative efficacy of two fruit juice products as attractants for trapping oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae)

“…Mixtures of corn-steep liquor with ammonia compound was reported to be effective attractant for female Ceratitis species in Spain (Casaña-Gineretal., 2001). Local fermented corn products known as chicha was reported more effective than commercial food lures in trapping Ceratitis capitata in peach orchards in Bolivia ( Candia et al 2019).…”