Potential of Mswi Bottom Ash to Be Used as Aggregate in Road Building Materials

Abstract

In the European Union, more than 140 million tonnes of municipal solid waste is incinerated annually. It generates about 30–40 million tonnes of residues known as municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash, which is typically landfilled. To deal with growing landfills, there is a need to utilize municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash as a building material. It has been known that municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash properties strongly depend on waste composition, which is directly influenced by people’s habits, economic policy, and technologies for metals recovery of bottom ash. Thus, municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash produced in a specific country or region has primarily to be tested to determine its physical and mechanical properties. The main aim of this study is to determine municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash physical and mechanical properties (aggregate particle size distribution, water content, oven-dried particle density, loose bulk density, Proctor density, optimal water content, California Bearing Ratio after and before soaking, permeability, Flakiness Index, Shape Index, percentage of crushed and broken surfaces, resistance to fragmentation (Los Angeles coefficient), water absorption and resistance to freezing and thawing). Municipal solid waste in-cinerator bottom ash produced in the waste-to-energy plant in Klaipėda (Lithuania) was used in this research. Ferrous and non-ferrous metals were separated after more than three months of municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash ageing in the atmosphere. The study showed promising results from considering municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash as possible aggregates for road building materials.

A Test Road with Unbound Base and Sub-Base Course from MSWI Bottom Ash Mixtures

“…Studies in recent decades have provided important information on the physical and mechanical characteristics of MSWI bottom ash as a substitute for natural aggregates in the production of unbound mixtures, concrete, and asphalt mixtures [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. However, in the production of concrete and asphalt mixtures, the replacement level is often limited to 10-25% [14][15][16][17][18].…”

The Effects of Mineral Wool Fly Ash on Cohesive Soil Strength Behaviour

“…Diversity of the chemical composition of fly ash allows studying the possibilities for reusing local fly ash and makes it possible to achieve different soil strengths and increments of stiffness (Deepak et al, 2020). Due to this reason, fly ash reuse has to be evaluated on a case-by-case basis, as there are many locally unique factors like transportation costs, recycling costs, landfill charges, labour costs, and environmental costs (Stonys et al, 2016;Vaitkus et al, 2018). Nevertheless, many countries have promoted the reuse of fly ash waste in sustainable construction (Amran et al, 2021).…”

Stabilization of Clay Powder With Mineral Wool Fly Ash

“…The ash is obtained during waste incineration, biofuel burning, mineral wool production, etc. Bottom ash may be used in construction (Zabihi-Samani et al, 2018), especially in the roads (Vaitkus et al, 2017), included into the production process or disposed in mines. FA utilization problem is more complicate, because FA accounts for 15% of total ash (Pundinaitė-Barsteigienė et al, 2017).…”

“…One of the main problems while working with FA is that their composition is very different and it depends on incinerated materials (Vaitkus et al, 2017;Rudžionis & Ivanauskas, 2004). The properties of FA which were collected even in the same factory but in different times may differ (Rutkauskas, 2018), therefore FA collected during the production of mineral wool gain and advantage due to constant and more predictable composition.…”