Potential of non‐GMO biofortified pearl millet (<i>Pennisetum glaucum</i>) for increasing iron and zinc content and their estimated bioavailability during abrasive decortication

Hama, Fatoumata; Icard‐Vernière, Christèle; Guyot, Jean-Pierre; Rochette, Isabelle; Diawara, Bréhima; Mouquet‐Rivier, Claire

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.2012.03017.x

Cited by 17 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The extent of variation in the Fe, Zn and Al concentrations observed is presented in . These ranges were substantially narrower than those recently reported for pearl millet (Hama et al, 2012;Rai et al, 2013;Bashir et al, 2014;Pucher et al, 2014), perhaps because the tested materials did not include any Iniari landrace-derivatives. Based on their mean performances across the four environments, the varieties ICRI-Tabi and ICMV-IS 13131 (reselected ICRI-Tabi) were identified as stable and more promising for grain Fe density.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…Development of pearl millet varieties with high grain density and/or availability of Fe and/or Zn could contribute to the reduction of Fe and Zn deficiencies in millet-dependent populations in WCA (Hama et al, 2012;Pucher et al, 2014). Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the genetic variability of Fe, Zn, Al and P grain concentrations among 12 pearl millet farmerpreferred varieties tested across representative sites in Niger.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Grain iron density variability among new farmer-preferred experimental millet varieties from Niger

Bachir¹,

Karimou²,

Hash³

2017

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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Grain micronutrient content assessment is important in breeding pearl millet, in order to maintain or improve its high nutritional quality. Grain samples of 12 farmer-preferred pearl millet varieties produced in four representative environments in Niger during the 2013 rainy season were assessed for Fe, Zn, Al and P grain densities using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Combined analysis of variance revealed significant (P < 0.01) variation among entries across environments only for Fe grain density, which had a broad-sense heritability of 89%. Fe grain density varied from 30.4 to 39.2 mg kg -1 among these varieties, with a mean of 32.4 mg kg -1. Among the 12 varieties, ICRI-Tabi and ICMV-IS 13131 (reselected ICRI-Tabi) showed the highest Fe grain densities.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grain iron density variability among new farmer-preferred experimental millet varieties from Niger

Bachir¹,

Karimou²,

Hash³

2017

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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“…Several studies have reported higher concentrations up to 20 mg iron/100 g pearl millet (14–16); however, such concentrations most likely include contaminant iron from post-harvest treatments and should not be used for reporting native iron concentration of pearl millet (17). The iron concentration of iron-biofortified pearl millet has been reported to be ∼7–8 mg/100 g (18, 19), which is about double the iron content of other major cereal staples. Compared with regular pearl millet, the iron-biofortified varieties usually also have higher phytic acid (PA) concentrations (18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Iron Absorption by Young Women from Iron-Biofortified Pearl Millet Composite Meals Is Double That from Regular Millet Meals but Less Than That from Post-Harvest Iron-Fortified Millet Meals

Cercamondi

Egli

Mitchikpe

et al. 2013

The Journal of Nutrition

114

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Iron biofortification of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is a promising approach to combat iron deficiency (ID) in the millet-consuming communities of developing countries. To evaluate the potential of iron-biofortified millet to provide additional bioavailable iron compared with regular millet and post-harvest iron-fortified millet, an iron absorption study was conducted in 20 Beninese women with marginal iron status. Composite test meals consisting of millet paste based on regular-iron, iron-biofortified, or post-harvest iron-fortified pearl millet flour accompanied by a leafy vegetable sauce or an okra sauce were fed as multiple meals for 5 d. Iron absorption was measured as erythrocyte incorporation of stable iron isotopes. Fractional iron absorption from test meals based on regular-iron millet (7.5%) did not differ from iron-biofortified millet meals (7.5%; P = 1.0), resulting in a higher quantity of total iron absorbed from the meals based on iron-biofortified millet (1125 vs. 527 μg; P < 0.0001). Fractional iron absorption from post-harvest iron-fortified millet meals (10.4%) was higher than from regular-iron and iron-biofortified millet meals (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively), resulting in a higher quantity of total iron absorbed from the post-harvest iron-fortified millet meals (1500 μg; P < 0.0001 and P < 0.05, respectively). Results indicate that consumption of iron-biofortified millet would double the amount of iron absorbed and, although fractional absorption of iron from biofortification is less than that from fortification, iron-biofortified millet should be highly effective in combatting ID in millet-consuming populations.

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“…Bioefficacy studies on biofortified crops is a clear evidence for the antagonistic effect of IP 6 on mineral absorption. Hama et al (2012) carried out bioefficacy studies of biofortified and traditional pearl millet varieties of Africa subjected to abrasive decortication. Iron content of biofortified varieties (Tabi and GB8735) was 72 and 67 mg/kg dry matter, respectively.…”

Section: Antinutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofortification in Millets: A Sustainable Approach for Nutritional Security

Alphonse¹,

Ravindhran²

2017

Front. Plant Sci.

115

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Nutritional insecurity is a major threat to the world’s population that is highly dependent on cereals-based diet, deficient in micronutrients. Next to cereals, millets are the primary sources of energy in the semi-arid tropics and drought-prone regions of Asia and Africa. Millets are nutritionally superior as their grains contain high amount of proteins, essential amino acids, minerals, and vitamins. Biofortification of staple crops is proved to be an economically feasible approach to combat micronutrient malnutrition. HarvestPlus group realized the importance of millet biofortification and released conventionally bred high iron pearl millet in India to tackle iron deficiency. Molecular basis of waxy starch has been identified in foxtail millet, proso millet, and barnyard millet to facilitate their use in infant foods. With close genetic-relatedness to cereals, comparative genomics has helped in deciphering quantitative trait loci and genes linked to protein quality in finger millet. Recently, transgenic expression of zinc transporters resulted in the development of high grain zinc while transcriptomics revealed various calcium sensor genes involved in uptake, translocation, and accumulation of calcium in finger millet. Biofortification in millets is still limited by the presence of antinutrients like phytic acid, polyphenols, and tannins. RNA interference and genome editing tools [zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)] needs to be employed to reduce these antinutrients. In this review paper, we discuss the strategies to accelerate biofortification in millets by summarizing the opportunities and challenges to increase the bioavailability of macro and micronutrients.

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Potential of non‐GMO biofortified pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) for increasing iron and zinc content and their estimated bioavailability during abrasive decortication

Cited by 17 publications

References 33 publications

Grain iron density variability among new farmer-preferred experimental millet varieties from Niger

Grain iron density variability among new farmer-preferred experimental millet varieties from Niger

Total Iron Absorption by Young Women from Iron-Biofortified Pearl Millet Composite Meals Is Double That from Regular Millet Meals but Less Than That from Post-Harvest Iron-Fortified Millet Meals

Biofortification in Millets: A Sustainable Approach for Nutritional Security

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