Potential of Olive Oil Mill Wastewater as a Source of Polyphenols for the Treatment of Skin Disorders: A Review

Abstract

Current trends toward naturally occurring compounds of therapeutic interest have contributed to an increasing number of studies on olive oil phenolics in the treatment of diseases with oxidative and inflammatory origins. Recent focus has been on olive oil wastewater, which is richer in phenolic compounds than olive oil itself. In this review, we present findings demonstrating the potential use of olive mill wastewater in dermatology. Particular attention is given to compounds with proven benefits in topical pharmacology: caffeic and ferulic acids, tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol, verbascoside, and oleuropein. The review is divided into different sections: inflammatory skin diseases, microbial effects, wound healing in addition to the antimelanoma properties of olive mill waste phenolics, and their potential in sun protection agents. There is strong evidence to support further studies into the valorization of this abundant and sustainable source of phenolic compounds for use in dermatology and dermo-cosmetic preparations.

Exploring the Links between Obesity and Psoriasis: A Comprehensive Review

“…Of particular interest is the interaction between polyphenol administration, the composition of the microbiota, and psoriasis development. Phenolic compounds have been studied for about two decades, playing a fundamental role in treating skin diseases such as psoriasis since they are associated with the inflammatory state [ 146 ]. Nonetheless, dietary polyphenols’ properties depend primarily on their bioavailability, which, in turn, is influenced by their polymerisation grade.…”

Camels, Camel Milk, and Camel Milk Product Situation in Kenya in Relation to the World

“…However, skin is exposed to a myriad of infections in people of all ages. Skin disorders are among the most irritating ailments that people can get accustomed to, specifically when the affected areas are around places hard to conceal even with makeup, for instance, the face or arms [ 52 ]. The skin problems become more worrying if the ailment is nonresponsive to skin disorder treatments.…”

Improved Oxidative Stability and Sensory Quality of Beef Hamburgers Enriched with a Phenolic Extract from Olive Vegetation Water

“…In a clean label perspective of meat product formulation, synthetic food antioxidants could be replaced by natural extracts obtained from agri-food by-products and waste, which are rich in bioactive compounds (such as carotenoids, phenolic compounds, essential oils, or β-glucans) [ 9 , 10 ] that display different health properties, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. In this regard, one of the most interesting food by-products is olive mill wastewater (OMWW), which is generated during olive processing for the production of olive oils and is characterized by a high content of organic compounds (sugars, tannins, pectins, and phenolic substances) and mineral salts [ 11 ]. This particular composition, together with its high generation rate, makes OMWW a highly polluting by-product whose uncontrolled disposal should be avoided; in particular, large quantities of polyphenols can exhibit marked antimicrobial, phytotoxic, and anti-nutritional properties and resistance to degradation, thus leading to negative effects on ecosystems [ 11 ].…”

“…In this regard, one of the most interesting food by-products is olive mill wastewater (OMWW), which is generated during olive processing for the production of olive oils and is characterized by a high content of organic compounds (sugars, tannins, pectins, and phenolic substances) and mineral salts [ 11 ]. This particular composition, together with its high generation rate, makes OMWW a highly polluting by-product whose uncontrolled disposal should be avoided; in particular, large quantities of polyphenols can exhibit marked antimicrobial, phytotoxic, and anti-nutritional properties and resistance to degradation, thus leading to negative effects on ecosystems [ 11 ]. However, OMWW could be considered an exploitable source of hydrophilic phenols (mainly secoiridoids, which are found exclusively in the Oleaceae family) with an antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activity [ 12 , 13 ].…”