Potential of pomegranate fruit extract (Punica granatum Linn.) to increase vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor expressions on the post-tooth extraction wound of Cavia cobaya

Abstract

Background:Pomegranates fruit extracts have several activities, among others, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidants that have the main content punicalagin and ellagic acid. Pomegranate has the ability of various therapies through different mechanisms. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) function was to form new blood vessels produced by various cells one of them was macrophages. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) was a growth factor proven chemotactic, increased fibroblast proliferation and collagen matrix production. In addition, VEGF and PDGF synergize in their ability to vascularize tissues. The PDGF function was to stabilize and regulate maturation of new blood vessels. Activities of pomegranate fruit extract were observed by measuring the increased of VEGF and PDGF expression as a marker of wound healing process.Aim:To investigate the potential of pomegranate extracts on the tooth extraction wound to increase the expression of VEGF and PDGF on the 4th day of wound healing process.Materials and Methods:This study used 12 Cavia cobaya, which were divided into two groups, namely, the provision of 3% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and pomegranate extract. The 12 C. cobaya would be executed on the 4th day, the lower jaw of experimental animals was taken, decalcified about 30 days. The expression of VEGF and PDGF was examined using immunohistochemical techniques. The differences of VEGF and PDGF expression were evaluated statistically using t-test.Results:Statistically analysis showed that there were significant differences between control and treatment groups (p<0.05).Conclusion:Pomegranate fruit extract administration increased VEGF and PDGF expression on post-tooth extraction wound.

Injectable Nanocurcumin-Formulated Chitosan-g-Pluronic Hydrogel Exhibiting a Great Potential for Burn Treatment

“…More concentration of oxygen free radical leads to the more oxidative stress causing inhabitation of optimum wound healing [ 8 ]. Therefore, the reinforcement of free radical scavenging activity using antioxidant therapy [ 9 , 10 ] in the early stage can significantly promote the healing process of wound. According to the report of Wertheim et al [ 11 ] and Sevitt [ 12 ], another factor is related to the extension of microorganisms beyond the eschar into viable tissue.…”

Evaluation of the In Vitro Oral Wound Healing Effects of Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Rind Extract and Punicalagin, in Combination with Zn (II)

“…In light of its folklore medicinal status, crude pomegranate extracts and its constituent compounds, such as punicalagin, have received much biomedical attention given the considerable evidence supporting their efficacy against a wide range of diseases and conditions, ascribed to its various anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant bioactivities [ 16 ]. Although numerous studies have previously endorsed the beneficial effects of PRE and punicalagin and advocated their application in the treatment of impaired wound healing responses in skin [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ], a clinical area which has largely been overlook from a wound healing viewpoint are the potential abilities of PRE and punicalagin within the oral cavity, when tissue damage is commonly caused by periodontal disease and trauma. Indeed, periodontal diseases, comprising gingivitis and periodontitis, are regarded as being the most common disease of mankind, leading to huge economic burdens for healthcare providers worldwide [ 37 ].…”

“…The fruit exocarp (rind) is particularly abundant in hydrolysable tannins, in particular punicalagin, which is a large (mw 1,084.71 g/mol) molecule comprised of gallagic acid and ellagic acid linked via a glucose moiety ( Figure 1 ) [ 18 , 19 ]. These compounds have been attributed as being the primary sources of bioactivity responsible for the desirable medicinal properties of pomegranate, including their dermal wound healing efficacies [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Indeed, from our previous work, pomegranate rind extract (PRE) and punicalagin itself have been shown to exhibit potent anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antiviral activities, which can be further potentiated by combination with Zn (II) ions [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ].…”

Effect of lipopolysaccharide derived from surabaya isolates of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans on alveolar bone destruction

“…LPS is a major factor in bacteria and plays an important role in bone resorption through osteoclast stimulation in which LPS activates osteoblast to release factors attracting and activating osteoclast [ 11 ]. LPS can make macrophages activated, and can also trigger the synthesis o-f both cytokines that have pro-inflammatory activities, such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF α, as well as another cytokine, namely, IL-10 serving as regulator [ 2 , 3 , 12 ]. LPS also inhibits collagen and non-collagen protein synthesis.…”