Potential of producing carbon fiber from biorefinery corn stover lignin with high ash content

Qu, Wangda; Liu, Jing; Xue, Yuan; Wang, Xinwei; Bai, Xianglan

doi:10.1002/app.45736

Cited by 46 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In this section, M‐lignin was further acetylated and then blended with PLA. Acetylation is a common method to alter lignin properties and improve miscibility of lignin with other polymers . Because the hydroxyls in lignin are substituted by acetyls, the inter and intra hydrogen bonding between lignin molecules was weakened by acetylation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural residue‐derived lignin as the filler of polylactic acid composites and the effect of lignin purity on the composite performance

Gao

Liu

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this study, corn stover lignin with different purities was used as filler in polylactic acid (PLA) matrix. It was found that the impurity metals present in unpurified lignin can significantly affect the performance of the composites in terms of their thermal stability, rheological behavior, mechanical properties, and hydrophobicity. Among the PLA composites, the ones fabricated with the lignin containing 4% of impurities overall had the best thermal stability and tensile strength. From melt rheology analysis, it was also found that the presence of the impurity metals decreases the complex viscosity of the composites. It is suggested that the impurity metals acted as catalysts to promote the interaction between lignin and PLA, resulting in an improved compatibility between PLA and the filler. In the present study, mechanical properties and hydrophobicity of the composites were further improved by acetylating the lignin with the optimum content of impurities. Tensile strength of the composite with the acetylated lignin was comparable to that of pure PLA, whereas the modulus increased to as high as 2.75 GPa. Overall, the study showed that unpurified lignin could be used as filler to achieve similar or better performance than the composites made with highly purified lignin fillers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural residue‐derived lignin as the filler of polylactic acid composites and the effect of lignin purity on the composite performance

Gao

Liu

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…According to Wei et al, this indicates that the acetylation process was successfully achieved. Similarly, the band at 1600 cm −1 of lignin‐based composites (Figure ) is attributed to stretching vibrations of unconjugated carbonyl groups, which is related to the hydroxyl reaction of the lignin particles …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Development of high bio‐content polypropylene composites with different industrial lignins

Dias

Sain

Cesarino

et al. 2018

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Sustainability, eco‐efficiency, pollution prevention, industrial ecology, and green chemistry are considering platform‐based approaches to the development of the next generation of products and processes. Recently, renewable alternatives to traditional petroleum‐derived plastics have motivated recent interest in bio‐based composite materials which can contribute to the reduction of the environmental footprint. Lignin is a complex and amorphous biopolymer with a high density of functional groups and high modulus, which makes it potentially promising for material applications. In this sense, lignin can potentially be employed to improve the performance of materials and an economical alternative to convert lignin into high value‐added materials. Two different types of Kraft lignin were incorporated into polypropylene to fabricate composites with high bio‐content. In this study, polypropylene, Kraft lignin, and coupling agent were subjected to reactive extrusion. The composites prepared by melt processing were compared in terms of morphological, mechanical, and thermal characterizations. The results revealed that the incorporation of lignin into polypropylene matrix resulted in composites with properties suitable for various industrial sectors, especially those in which mechanical and thermal properties are crucial, such as the replacement of engineering plastics and polypropylene mineral filled. As a result, this work provides an effective way of using lignin as a low‐cost bio‐renewable resource in the plastics industry.

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“…The remarkable improvement of thermal conductivity is mainly due to the closure of gaps between adjacent graphene nanoplatelets of large lateral dimensions and the low defect density 23 . Discrepancies among the experimental values are associated with different graphene morphology, volume fraction, polymeric material and measurement method [24][25][26] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Improved Thermal Conductance of Graphene-Polyethylene Composites <i>via</i> Surface Defect Engineering: a Molecular Dynamics Study

Xiong¹,

Wu²,

Gao³

et al. 2019

Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica

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Polymers are widely used advanced materials composed of macromolecular chains, which can be found in materials used in our daily life. Polymer materials have been employed in many energy and electronic applications such as energy harvesting devices, energy storage devices, light emitting and sensing devices, and flexible energy and electronic devices. The microscopic morphologies and electrical properties of the polymer materials can be tuned by molecular engineering, which could improve the device performances in terms of both the energy conversion efficiency and stability. Traditional polymers are usually considered to be thermal insulators owing to their amorphous molecular chains. Graphene-based polymeric materials have garnered significant attention due to the excellent thermal conductivity of graphene. Advanced polymeric composites with high thermal conductivity exhibit great potential in many applications. Therefore, research on the thermal transport behaviors in graphene-based nanocomposites becomes critical. Vacancy defects in graphene are commonly observed during its fabrication. In this work, the effects of vacancy defects in graphene on thermal transport properties of the graphene-polyethylene nanocomposite are comprehensively investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Based on the non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) method, the interfacial thermal conductance and the overall thermal conductance of the nanocomposite are taken into consideration simultaneously. It is found that vacancy defects in graphene facilitate the interfacial thermal conductance between graphene and polyethylene. By removing various proportions of carbon atoms in pristine graphene, the density of vacancy defects varies from 0% to 20% and the interfacial thermal conductance increases from 75.6 MW•m −2 •K −1 to 85.9 MW•m −2 •K −1. The distinct enhancement in the interfacial thermal transport is attributed to the enhanced thermal coupling between graphene and polyethylene. A higher number of broken sp 2 bonds in the defective graphene lead to a decrease in the structure rigidity with more low-frequency (< 15 THz) phonons. The improved overlap of vibrational density states between graphene and polyethylene at a low frequency results in better interfacial thermal conductance. Moreover, the increase in the interfacial thermal conductance induced by vacancy defects have a significant effect on the overall thermal conductance (from 40.8 MW•m −2 •K −1 to 45.6 MW•m −2 •K −1). In addition, when filled with the graphene layer, the local density of polyethylene increases on both sides of the graphene. The concentrated layers provide more aligned molecular arrangement, which result in better thermal conductance in polyethylene. Further, the higher local density of the polymer near the interface provides more atoms for interaction with the graphene, which leads to stronger effective interactions. The relative concentration is insensitive to the density of vacancy defects. The reported results on the thermal transport behavior ...

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Potential of producing carbon fiber from biorefinery corn stover lignin with high ash content

Cited by 46 publications

References 49 publications

Agricultural residue‐derived lignin as the filler of polylactic acid composites and the effect of lignin purity on the composite performance

Agricultural residue‐derived lignin as the filler of polylactic acid composites and the effect of lignin purity on the composite performance

Development of high bio‐content polypropylene composites with different industrial lignins

Toward Improved Thermal Conductance of Graphene-Polyethylene Composites <i>via</i> Surface Defect Engineering: a Molecular Dynamics Study

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