Potential of threshold-based interventions for cotton pest control by small farmers in West Africa

Silvie, Pierre; Deguine, Jean‐Philippe; Nibouche, Samuel; Michel, Bruno; Vaissayre, Maurice

doi:10.1016/s0261-2194(00)00146-0

Cited by 46 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The economic analysis of costs and benefit using these ETLs showed a negative result for the neem and the Hyptis treatments and a neutral one for the Khaya treatment. These results corroborated with the economic threshold level established by Silvie et al (2001) andCRA-CF (2003).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The botanical pesticides neem, Khaya and Hyptis, and their mixtures with synthetic pesticides, as well as synthetic pesticides alone, suppressed the S. derogata larval population under the economic threshold level (ETL) determined by Silvie et al (2001) and CRA-CF (2003) ( Table 3). All treatments with botanicals, and the mixtures of botanicals with synthetic pesticides, and the synthetic pesticides alone, lowered significantly the incidence of all bollworm species compared with the untreated control.…”

Section: Effect Of Pesticide Spraying On Bollworm Larvaementioning

confidence: 99%

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Participatory evaluation of synthetic and botanical pesticide mixtures for cotton bollworm control

Sinzogan

Kossou

Atachi

et al. 2006

JTI

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Abstract. The bioefficacy of various plant extracts, namely Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Khaya senegalensis Desrousseaux (A. Jussieu) and Hyptis suavuolens (L.) Poit, either alone or in combination with half the recommended dose of synthetic pesticides, was studied with farmers to find a more sustainable strategy for the management of bollworms in cotton. A number of treatments were farmer innovations. The treatments were compared six times during the season to the application of the fully recommended dose of synthetic pesticides and to a control with no pesticide application. Applications of either the fully recommended dose of the synthetic pesticides or the combinations with a neem seed extract (6 kg/ha) were most effective in reducing bollworm incidence and damage. Both the treatments gave the highest yields of cottonseed, the latter being the most costeffective. All the pesticides used, except neem alone, had a toxic effect on bollworm predators. This study has increased farmers' confidence in endogenous technology. The researcher's interaction among the local learning group members, who conducted the experiments, facilitated the introduction of a cost-effective alternative to the standard fulldose synthetic pesticide recommendation.Key words: cotton, plant extracts, synthetic pesticides, bollworms, endogenous technology Résumé. Dans le but de trouver une méthode de lutte durable contre les chenilles ravageuses du cotonnier, I'efficacité biologique de différents extraits de plantes (Azadirachta indica, Kaya senegalensis et Hyptis suavolens) a été évaluée, en milieu paysan, seule ou en association avec des demi-doses d'insecticides de synthèse. Certains des traitements sont le résultat d'innovations paysannes. Les traitements ont été comparés six fois au cours de la saison culturale à des applications normales d'insecticides ou la combinaison de synthèse et á des traitements témoins. Les traitements, avec des doses normales d'insecticides ou la combinaison de I'extrait de graine de neem (6 kg/ha) associé à une demi-dose d'insecticides de sysynthèse, ont été les plus efficaces pour réduire la densité des chenilles et leurs dégâts. Ces deux traitements ont donné les meilleurs rendements avec un ratio coû t/bénéfice plus avantageux pour la mixture insecticide de synthése-exrait de graine de neem. Tous les insecticides utilisés à I'exception de I'extrait de neem utilisé seul, ont eu un effet toxique sur les prédateurs des ravageurs du cotonnier. Cette étude accroît la confiance des fermiers dans les locales. L'interaction entre le *

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Effect Of Pesticide Spraying On Bollworm Larvaementioning

confidence: 99%

Participatory evaluation of synthetic and botanical pesticide mixtures for cotton bollworm control

Sinzogan

Kossou

Atachi

et al. 2006

JTI

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“…Distributing large volumes of hazardous insecticides through both public and private cotton supply chains without adequate farmer and field agent training, nor understanding of the real risks, has ended up with serious negative consequences (Ton, 2001;Silvie et al 2001). FAO's recent Regional Pollution Reduction & Sustainable Production Program is the first effort to monitor pesticides in the environment and communities of the Senegal and Niger River basins, studying 30 locations in six countries where cotton and vegetable production are the main pesticide users and polluters.…”

Section: Health and Environmental Issues In Conventional Cotton In Wementioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Full Costs of Pesticides: Experience from the Field, with a Focus on Africa

Williamson¹

2011

Pesticides - The Impacts of Pesticides Exposure

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“…This can be done through the promotion of insect management techniques (e.g. IPM and threshold-based interventions) that have been found to preserve the renewable biological capital of production systems through reduction in insecticide usage by 40 -50%, and yet increase cotton yield by 100-200 kg ha 21 (Silvie et al, 2001). In this regard, sustainable methods for managing cotton pests that were identified in previous field trials in Cô te d'Ivoire (Angelini & Couilloud, 1972;Angelini et al, 1980) should be revisited and encouraged.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Capital, User Costs and the Productivity of Insecticides in Cotton Farming Systems in Sub-Saharan Africa

Ajayi¹

2005

International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability

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This study presents a conceptual framework and then uses field data collected in cotton fields of Cô te d'Ivoire to illustrate the dynamics of the interaction between insecticides use, natural biological capital and the productivity of insecticides over time. Results show that the divergence between insecticide productivity estimates on one hand and, public concern that insecticides are overused on the other hand may not be attributed exclusively to functional specification of estimation models. However, some insights into resolving the paradox can be gained through disaggregation of the estimates (e.g. by chemical use history) and interpreting them in the context of the inter-temporal changes that have occurred in the biological capital of production systems over time. A disaggregation of the marginal value products of insecticide by chemical use history shows that in the zones where insecticides have been used for a longer period and crop diversity is narrower, the marginal value products of insecticides are consistently higher due to lower biodiversity which raises the economic importance of the chemical in such zones. To ensure long term sustainability of cotton in the region, the study recommends the promotion of targeted insecticide management practices that takes cognisance of the differences in the amount of biological capital and the economic value of the potential crop yield that would be saved by the chemical application in the different production systems. It also recommends that panel data consisting of entomological and the state of the agro-ecosystem being studied should be collected concurrently with agro-economic data and integrated into models for estimating insecticides' productivity.

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Potential of threshold-based interventions for cotton pest control by small farmers in West Africa

Cited by 46 publications

References 4 publications

Participatory evaluation of synthetic and botanical pesticide mixtures for cotton bollworm control

Participatory evaluation of synthetic and botanical pesticide mixtures for cotton bollworm control

Understanding the Full Costs of Pesticides: Experience from the Field, with a Focus on Africa

Biological Capital, User Costs and the Productivity of Insecticides in Cotton Farming Systems in Sub-Saharan Africa

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