Potential Pathogenicity of Leuconostoc

Coovadia, Y.M.; Solwa, Z; Ende, Jan van den

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(88)90395-9

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Given the numerous reports that have been published since 1988 (5,10,13,20,21,27), it appears indisputable that nonenterococcal vancomycin-resistant, gram-positive organisms should now be considered clinically significant when isolated in the proper circumstances. But because of problems in recognition and identification of this group, many of these strains may have been overlooked or misidentified.…”

Section: Susceptibility Of Vancomycin-resistant Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antimicrobial susceptibility of vancomycin-resistant Leuconostoc, Pediococcus, and Lactobacillus species

Swenson

Facklam

Thornsberry

1990

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

185

107

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Eighty-five strains of vancomycin-resistant gram-positive bacteria from three genera, Leuconostoc, Pediococcus, and Lactobacilus, were tested to determine susceptibility to 24 antimicrobial agents by broth microdilution and to 10 agents by disk diffusion. The MICs of vancomycin and teicoplanin ranged from 64 to >512 ,ug/ml; however, the MICs of daptomycin, a new lipopeptide, were all .0.25 ,ug/ml. None of the organisms were resistant to imipenem, minocycline, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, or daptomycin. The MICs of penicillin were in the moderately susceptible range for all but three strains. Susceptibility to the other agents varied by genus and, in some cases, by species. When disk diffusion results were compared with MICs for drugs recommended for streptococci by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, Vilanova, Pa., few very major or major errors were obtained, but the number of minor errors was 19.3%. Therefore, we recommend that MIC testing be used instead of disk diffusion testing for these organisms.Because of the increase in nosocomial infections caused by gram-positive cocci, especially staphylococci (both Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci) (T. Horan, D. Culver, W. Jarvis, G. Emori, S. Banerjee, W. Martone, and C. Thornsberry, Antimicrob. Newsl. 5:65-67, 1988), and because of the growing prevalence of methicillin resistance in staphylococci (9), vancomycin has been used more often for treating patients who have or who are suspected of having infections caused by gram-positive organisms. Reports of clinical infections caused by vancomycin-resistant organisms have been more frequent in recent years, with resistance in staphylococci (22), enterococci (14-16, 26), and lactobacilli (1, 8, 11) described. Clinically significant vancomycin resistance in Leuconostoc and Pediococcus spp. was rarely reported before 1985 (19). The first case of a clinically significant infection caused by a Leuconostoc sp. was reported as being caused by a Streptococcus sanguis II strain in 1984 (24). The identity of the strain reported was later questioned (C. Thornsberry and R. Facklam, Antimicrob. Newsl. 1:63-64, 1984) and reidentified as Leuconostoc sp. by one of us (R.R.F.).Since then, a number of clinically significant infections caused by Leuconostoc spp. have been reported (2,3,5,10,12,13,(19)(20)(21)27), including a case of meningitis in a previously healthy 16-year-old girl (4). There has been only one report of infections caused by Pediococcus sp. (3), although many such strains from clinical sources have been submitted to the Centers for Disease Control for identification or antimicrobial susceptibility studies (7). Vancomycin resistance in lactobacilli has also been reported (1, 8, 11), but resistance of and clinical infection caused by Lactobacillus confusus, an organism that may often be confused with these gram-positive cocci, have not been documented.Because of the possibility that these organisms may be pathogens, we tested a number of them to determine pat-* Correspon...

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Section: Susceptibility Of Vancomycin-resistant Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…have been reported (2,3,5,10,12,13,(19)(20)(21)27), including a case of meningitis in a previously healthy 16-year-old girl (4). There has been only one report of infections caused by Pediococcus sp.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial susceptibility of vancomycin-resistant Leuconostoc, Pediococcus, and Lactobacillus species

Swenson

Facklam

Thornsberry

1990

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

185

107

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“…12 Otra posibilidad de contagio descrita es la contaminación de la leche, sobre todo si es preparada a partir de polvo y se administra por sonda gástrica. 11 Actualmente, no se sabe por qué la infección por Leuconostoc es frecuente en lactantes sanos, aunque no parece asociarse a la ingesta de productos lácteos, y la teoría de la transmisión vertical, tanto en el presente caso como en otros publicados en la bibliografía, 13,14 no se sostiene, ya que faltan pruebas que la apoyen, como, por ejemplo, la ausencia de casos publicados de sepsis vertical precoz o la ausencia de aislamiento del germen en el exudado vaginal de las madres de los lactantes afectos. La relación con la contaminación de la leche es poco factible, puesto que en nuestro hospital se administran preparados lí-quidos comerciales y, además, en este caso no se utilizó sonda gástrica.…”

Section: Comentariounclassified

Sepsis por Leuconostoc spp. en un lactante sano

Martínez-Pajares¹,

Díaz-Morales²,

Acosta-González³

et al. 2012

Arch Argent Pediat

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Presentación de casos clínicos RESUMENEl género Leuconostoc, del grupo de bacterias ácido-lácticas, son cocos grampositivos resistentes a vancomicina, distribuidos en la naturaleza y empleados en la industria alimentaria. Clásicamente considerado inocuo para la especie humana, se lo ha implicado en diversas patologías en sujetos susceptibles; se lo aisló cada vez con más frecuencia y con un amplio perfil de patogenicidad, por lo que en la actualidad se clasifica como patógeno oportunista emergente. Los niños son especialmente vulnerables, sobre todo prematuros y afectos de patología digestiva grave. La puerta de entrada no ha sido estudiada en profundidad; las más probables son la digestiva, en intestinos alterados, y la cutánea, a través de la pérdida de su integridad. Otras formas descritas son contaminaciones de la nutrición parenteral y enteral, esta última asociada sobre todo al uso de sondas gástricas. Los aislados casos descritos en pacientes inmunocompetentes sin factores de riesgo involucran, sobre todo, a lactantes sanos, como el caso que presentamos. Palabras clave: Leuconostoc, sepsis.

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“…Many of the reported cases of leuconostoc bacteraemia occurred in neonates, in most of whom the source of infection remained unclear. Leuconostocs have occasionally been recovered from the vagina and it is possible that they form part of the residual skin flora (Coovadia et al 1988). Ruoff et al (1988) suggested that in the hospital environment leuconostocs may colonize mucocutaneous surfaces, but Horowitz et al (1987) did not find these organisms in the gingiva and skin cultures of hospital workers, and Rubin et al (1988) failed to detect them in swabs from the throats of personnel and from environmental surfaces.…”

Section: Lactobacillusmentioning

confidence: 99%