Potential production of polyphenols, carotenoids and glycoalkaloids in Solanum villosum Mill. under salt stress

Abstract

Changes in the antioxidant defence systems were investigated in many aromatic and medicinal plants grown under salinity; however, no study is available about its effects on Solanum villosum Mill. In this study, we investigated the response of S. villosum to sodium chloride (NaCl), especially the impacts of NaCl on secondary metabolites production (phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and glycol-alkaloids). For this purpose, a hydroponic culture experiment was conducted on seedlings subjected to 0, 50, 100, or 150 mM NaCl. NaCl affected the growth of S. villosum in terms of plant height and dry weight, however, it increased the water content of the leaves. Although leaf Na + concentration was significantly increased under salt stress, the leaves K + , Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ concentration were enhanced and/ or not significantly affected. The adaptation of S. villosum to NaCl stress was also reflected by the maintain of chlorophyll levels under different NaCl treatments. Additionally, leaf caffeic acid, lutein, and beta-carotene contents were considerably increased under 100 mM NaCl treatment, along with the up regulation of some related phenolic (phenylalanine ammonialyase and flavonol synthase), and carotenoid genes (phytoene synthase 1, phytoene synthase 2, and b-lycopene cyclase). The leaf contents of β-solamargine and α-solasonine also increased significantly with increasing salinity. The present study is the first to through some light on the medicinal quality of S. villosum that would be quite helpful for production of secondary metabolites under salt-stressed conditions.

Growth Characteristics, Phytochemical Contents, and Antioxidant Capacity of Trachyandra ciliata (L.f) Kunth Grown in Hydroponics under Varying Degrees of Salinity

“…There was not much of a difference between 0 mM and low salt concentration (100 mM), while high salt concentration produced significantly lower means. These findings corroborate an earlier report by [57] that moderate salt concentration promoted the production of phenolic compounds within a halophytic plant, Cynara scolymus L. Ben-Abdallah et al [58] and Ksouri et al [11] found similar results and reported that high salinity levels restricted the accumulation of phenolic compounds in a halophytic plant, Cakile maritima Scop. It has been reported that salinity stress reduces plant biomass and photosynthesis [50].…”

Hydropriming Applied on Fast Germinating Solanum villosum Miller Seeds: Impact on Pre-germinative Metabolism

“…Data hereby reported show that hydropriming impacts the phenolics profile of this CWR, enhancing accumulation and even promoting ex novo synthesis of specific compounds. As previously discussed for tocopherols, the occurrence of polyphenols in S. villosum has been so far assessed only in tissues other than seeds, such as in seedlings challenged with salinity stress (Ben-Abdallah et al, 2019), and leaf extracts (Venkatesh et al, 2014;Yuan et al, 2018).…”

Response of Phenylpropanoid Pathway and the Role of Polyphenols in Plants under Abiotic Stress

“…Flavone biosynthesis also was enhanced under saline conditions and in Glycine max , it was observed that salinity up-regulates the expression of flavone synthase genes, GmFNSII-1 and GmFNSII-2 [137]. Some phenolic acids also accumulate in plants under saline conditions including caffeic acid, caftaric acid, cinnamylmalic acid, gallic acid, ferulic acid, and vanillic acid [131,138,139,140]. Biosynthesis of anthocyanins also was promoted in plants growing under saline conditions [141,142].…”