Potential reduction of greenhouse gas emission from swine manure by using a low-protein diet supplemented with synthetic amino acids

Osada, Takashi; Takada, Ryozo; Shinzato, I.

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.04.079

Cited by 43 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, feed intake depression with protein-and amino acid-deficient diets has been demonstrated with pigs and poultry (Henry, 1985;Picard et al, 1993) and must be avoided to maintain production efficiency. Amino acid supplements can be combined with dietary protein reductions to maintain feed conversion efficiency and prevent production losses (Ball and Mohn, 2003;Mosnier et al, 2011;Osada et al, 2011). For example, Cromwell and Coffey (1993) reported a 17% to 23% decrease in N excretion when dietary protein was reduced by 2% units and the diet was supplemented with synthetic lysine.…”

Section: Mitigation Options For Manure Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical options for the mitigation of direct methane and nitrous oxide emissions from livestock: a review

Gerber

Hristov

Henderson

et al. 2013

Animal

324

218

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Although livestock production accounts for a sizeable share of global greenhouse gas emissions, numerous technical options have been identified to mitigate these emissions. In this review, a subset of these options, which have proven to be effective, are discussed. These include measures to reduce CH 4 emissions from enteric fermentation by ruminants, the largest single emission source from the global livestock sector, and for reducing CH 4 and N 2 O emissions from manure. A unique feature of this review is the high level of attention given to interactions between mitigation options and productivity. Among the feed supplement options for lowering enteric emissions, dietary lipids, nitrates and ionophores are identified as the most effective. Forage quality, feed processing and precision feeding have the best prospects among the various available feed and feed management measures. With regard to manure, dietary measures that reduce the amount of N excreted (e.g. better matching of dietary protein to animal needs), shift N excretion from urine to faeces (e.g. tannin inclusion at low levels) and reduce the amount of fermentable organic matter excreted are recommended. Among the many 'end-of-pipe' measures available for manure management, approaches that capture and/or process CH 4 emissions during storage (e.g. anaerobic digestion, biofiltration, composting), as well as subsurface injection of manure, are among the most encouraging options flagged in this section of the review. The importance of a multiple gas perspective is critical when assessing mitigation potentials, because most of the options reviewed show strong interactions among sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The paper reviews current knowledge on potential pollution swapping, whereby the reduction of one GHG or emission source leads to unintended increases in another.

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Section: Mitigation Options For Manure Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical options for the mitigation of direct methane and nitrous oxide emissions from livestock: a review

Gerber

Hristov

Henderson

et al. 2013

Animal

324

218

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“…The reduction of N excretion by the pigs resulting from the low-protein diets was determined to be 4.9% for feces and 40.6% for urine in the growing stage (Osada et al 2011), and 7.0% for feces and 35.0% for urine in the fattening stage (Kaji et al 1997). The organic matter content in excreted feces was calculated from the composition and the digestibility of each nutrient in the diets using the standard tables of feed composition (NARO 2010), and the typical value was used for the organic matter content in excreted urine (MOE 2010).…”

Section: Life Cycle Inventorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diets for the growing stage (from 30 to 70 kg of liveweight) were designed based on Osada et al (2011) and those for the fattening stage (from 70 to 115 kg of liveweight) were based on Kaji et al (1997). These previous studies focused on feeding a low-protein diet with AA and a conventional diet to growing pigs and fattening pigs, respectively, and investigated N excretion and productivity.…”

Section: System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies of the feeding of a low-protein diet supplemented with crystalline amino acids (AA) to fattening pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus) have been conducted and have reported a reduction of N excretion without sacrificing productivity (Han and Lee 2000;Otto et al 2003b;Rotz 2004). It has also been reported that such a diet reduces ammonia (NH 3 ) emissions from manure (Canh et al 1998;Otto et al 2003a) and, furthermore, the reduction of N 2 O emissions from manure has recently been reported to be achieved by the low-protein diet technique (Osada et al 2011). The feeding of a low-protein diet with AA is therefore expected to be a measure that could achieve GHG reduction without depending on the modification of manure treatment techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Life cycle assessment of Japanese pig farming using low-protein diet supplemented with amino acids

Ogino

Osada

Takada

et al. 2013

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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Livestock production is indicated to be one of the major emitters of greenhouse gases (GHG), particularly methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O), around the globe, and the reduction of these emissions is an important goal. GHG emissions as well as other environmental impacts of two pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) farming systems, one using conventional diets (CNV) and the other using low-protein diets supplemented with crystalline amino acids (LOW), were therefore evaluated by comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) focusing on manure management and by cradle-to-farm gate LCA. The functional unit was defined as one marketed pig. For the comparative LCA of manure management, the CH 4 and N 2 O emissions from manure management of CNV were set as a baseline, and the system boundary of LOW included the CH 4 and N 2 O emissions from manure management, and changes in the GHG emissions from feed production including amino acid manufacturing, feed transport, and the materials and energy consumed in manure management. For the cradle-to-farm gate LCA of pig farming, the evaluated system included the processes of feed production including amino acid manufacturing for LOW, feed transport, animal housing including the biological activity of the animal, and manure management. The results of the comparative LCA showed that the GHG emissions from manure management of LOW were 20% less than those of CNV, and the GHG reduction rate of LOW compared to CNV was even greater in the case of a stricter target of effluent nitrogen content. The results of cradle-to-farm gate LCA showed that LOW had lower GHG emissions, acidification potential, eutrophication potential and overall environmental impact, and slightly larger energy consumption, than CNV. The sensitivity analysis showed that LOW still had less GHG emissions than CNV, even in the least preferable case assuming a 40% lower reduction rate of nitrogen excretion.

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“…Compared 288 with the default values of Nex in IPCC (29 g N/head/day for fattening pig, 11 g N/head/day for nursery pig, 51 g N/head/day 289 for sow), Nex coefficient of fattening pig and nursery pig in our study was, respectively, 12% and 45% higher, but 15% lower 290 for sows. Osada et al (2011) and Ogino et al (2013) showed if crude protein content in diet reduced to 85%, Nex would 291 reduce by more than 20%. Low-protein diets reduce the use of soy-based feedstuffs while slightly increasing usage of cereals 292 or synthetic amino acids.…”

Section: In-house Manure Management 280mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Footprint Assessment of a Large-Scale Pig Production System in Northern China: A Case Study

Zhou¹,

Dong²,

Xin³

et al. 2018

Transactions of the ASABE

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China raises 50% of the global live pigs. However, few studies on carbon footprint (CF) of large-scale pig production based on China's actual production conditions have been carried out. In this study, life cycle assessment (LCA) method and actual production data of a typical large-scale pig farm in Northern China were used to assess greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions or CF associated with the whole process of pig production, including feed production (crop planting, feed processing, and transportation), enteric fermentation, manure management and energy consumption. The results showed a CF of 3.39 kg CO2-eq per kg of live market pig, and relative contributions of 55%, 28%, 13%, and 4% to the total CF by feed production, manure management, farm energy consumption, and enteric fermentation, respectively. Crop planting accounted for 66% of the feed production CF, while feed processing and transportation accounted for the remaining 34%. Long-distance transport of semi-raw feed materials caused by planting-feeding separation and over-fertilization in feed crop planting were two main reasons for the largest contribution of GHG emissions from feed production for the total CF. CF from nitrogen fertilizer application accounted for 33%-44% of crop planting, and contributed to 16% of the total CF. CF from transportation of feed ingredients accounted for 17% of the total CF. If the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used for producing the main feed ingredients is reduced from 209 kg/hm2 (for corn) and 216 kg/hm2 (for wheat) to 140 kg/hm2 (corn) and 180 kg/hm2 (wheat), respectively, the total CF would be reduced by 7%. If transportation distance for feed materials decreased from 325-493 km to 30 km, along with reducing the number of empty vehicles for the transport, total CF would be reduced by 18%. The combined CF mitigation potential for over-fertilization and transportation distance is 26%. In addition, use of pit storage -anaerobic digestion -lagoon practice can reduce GHG emissions from manure management by 76% as compared to the traditional pit storage -lagoon manure treatment method. This case study reveals the impact of planting-feeding separation and overfertilization on CF of pig supply chain in China. Manure management practice of pit storage -anaerobic digestion -lagoon is much more conductive to reducing CF as compared to the traditional method of pit storage -lagoon. KeywordsLife cycle assessment, Greenhouse gas, Pig, Mitigation This manuscript is in press. It has been accepted for publication in Transactions of the ASABE. When the final, edited version is posted online this in-press version will be removed. This manuscript is in press. It has been accepted for publication in Transactions of the ASABE. When the final, edited version is posted online this in-press version will be removed.

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Potential reduction of greenhouse gas emission from swine manure by using a low-protein diet supplemented with synthetic amino acids

Cited by 43 publications

References 28 publications

Technical options for the mitigation of direct methane and nitrous oxide emissions from livestock: a review

Technical options for the mitigation of direct methane and nitrous oxide emissions from livestock: a review

Life cycle assessment of Japanese pig farming using low-protein diet supplemented with amino acids

Carbon Footprint Assessment of a Large-Scale Pig Production System in Northern China: A Case Study

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