Potential risky exotic fish species, their ecological impacts and potential reasons for invasion in Korean aquatic ecosystems

Abstract

Background: Due to the rapidly changing climatic conditions, South Korea faces the grand challenge of exotic species. With the increasing human movement, the influx of alien species to novel regions is prevalent across the globe. The latest research suggests that it is easy to prevent the introduction and establishment of alien species rather than controlling their spread and eradication. Like other countries, the Korean Ministry of Environment released a list (in 2018) of 45 potential risky exotic fish species considered likely to be invasive candidate fish species if they ever succeed in entering the Korean aquatic ecosystems. Results:The investigation into the invasion suitability traits showed that potential risky fish species could utilize those features in becoming invasive once they arrive in the Korean aquatic ecosystems. If the novel species establish viable populations, they are likely to incur higher economic costs, damage the native aquatic fauna and flora, and jeopardize the already perilled species. Furthermore, they can damage the installed infrastructure, decline overall abundance and biodiversity, and disturb the ecosystem services. Here we reviewed the list of fish species concerning their family, native origin, preferred aquatic biomes, main food items, current status in Korea, and potential threats to humans and the ecosystems. Data shows that most species are either already designated as invasive in the neighboring counties, including Japan, Vietnam, Thailand, and China, or originate from these countries. Such species have a higher climate match with the Korean territories. Conclusions: Therefore, it is exceptionally essential to study their most critical features and take regulatory measures to restrict their entry. The incoming fish species must be screened before letting them in the country in the future. The regulatory authorities must highlight the threatening traits of such species and strictly monitor their entrance. Detailed research is required to explore the other species, especially targeting the neighboring countries fish biodiversity, having demonstrated invasive features and matching the Korean climate.

Comparative Morphology of Ethmalosa fimbriata (Bowdich, 1825) From Three Estuaries Adjoining the Gulf of Guinea, Nigeria

“…The unique feature of this water, in combination with other factors (such as food availability), usually influences the growth rate and abundance of fish (Abdul et al, 2023). However, just like in other water bodies, the fish biodiversity in the estuaries is rapidly depleting (Atique and An, 2022). There is therefore a need to study the population structure of fish species.…”

Predicting the Potential Distribution of the Alien Invasive Alligator Gar Atractosteus spatula in China

“…Occasionally, it may attack humans, such as a case in Jiangsu Province, China, where one bit a child playing in the water [20]. Consequently, A. spatula has been included in many countries' lists of potentially risky alien fish species [21][22][23]. China has formulated a prevention and control plan to contain its impacts on ecology, biodiversity, and sustainable agriculture and fisheries development [24].…”