Potential role of human papilloma virus in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer

Śnietura, Mirosław; Waniczek, Dariusz; Pigłowski, Wojciech; Kopeć, Agnieszka; Nowakowska-Zajdel, Ewa; Lorenc, Z. Paul; Muc-Wierzgoń, Małgorzata

doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i21.6632

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…The same relationship with the p53 , p21 ,17,24,26,40 and p16 18,35,37 genes was reported to found with HPV prevalence. Some studies have found that HPV could coinfect with H .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Human papillomavirus as a potential risk factor for gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of 1,917 cases

Zeng¹,

Luo²,

Zou³

et al. 2016

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BackgroundHuman papillomaviruses (HPVs) are causally associated with the tumorigenesis of several classes of cancers. However, the prevalence of HPV in gastric cancer (GC) has not yet been systematically reviewed. Hence, a meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the HPV prevalence in patients with GC, and its potential etiologic significance was assessed.MethodsThe pooled HPV prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated among all GC patients. Heterogeneity was described by using the I2 statistic. Sources of heterogeneity were explored by meta-regression and stratified analyses. The meta-influence was applied to evaluate the influence of a single study on the pooled estimates. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were computed for case–control studies. For research providing clinicopathological parameters of age, sex, pathological, differentiated, and clinical stages, and HPV subtypes, the corresponding pooled ORs and 95% CIs were also calculated.ResultsThirty studies were included in the current meta-analysis, involving 1,917 patients with GC and 576 controls. The pooled HPV prevalence was 28.0% (95% CI: 23.2%, 32.7%) among all the patients with GC, and the I2 was 96.9% (P<0.001). A pooled OR of 7.388 (95% CI: 3.876, 14.082) was achieved based on 15 case–control studies (I2=56.7%, P=0.004). Moreover, the HPV prevalence was significantly higher in patients from China than in those from non-Chinese regions (31% vs 9%, I2=95.0%, P<0.001). The pooled prevalence of HPV16 was 21% in GC tissues, and the pooled prevalence of HPV18 was 7% with an OR of 3.314 (95% CI =1.617, 6.792). HPV16 was 3 times more frequently detected than HPV18.ConclusionHPV could play a potential role in the pathogenesis of GC. A causal relationship can be confirmed only by detecting HPV in the cells of GC precursor lesions (gastric dysplasia or adenoma). In addition, this study might be beneficial for expounding the potential etiologic significance of molecular mechanism of gastric tumorigenesis and providing opinions regarding precautionary measures.

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“…The same relationship with the p53 , p21 ,17,24,26,40 and p16 18,35,37 genes was reported to found with HPV prevalence. Some studies have found that HPV could coinfect with H .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Human papillomavirus as a potential risk factor for gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of 1,917 cases

Zeng¹,

Luo²,

Zou³

et al. 2016

OTT

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“…In this review, we will focus on the role of gastrin in the etiology of gastric cancer and at the same time give an explanation of the decline in frequency. We will only cover cancers originating from epithelial cells (carcinomas) and will not discuss the importance of Epstein–Barr virus that plays a role neither in gastric carcinogenesis (6) nor in human papilloma virus, which has a less established impact (7). …”

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confidence: 99%

Gastrin and Gastric Cancer

2017

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Gastric cancer although occurring in reduced frequency is still an important disease, partly because of the bad prognosis when occurring in western countries. This decline in occurrence may mainly be due to the reduced prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection, which is the most important cause of gastric cancer. There exist many different pathological classifications of gastric carcinomas, but the most useful seems to be the one by Lauren into intestinal and diffuse types since these types seldom transform into the other and also have different epidemiology. During the nearly 30 years that have passed since the groundbreaking description of Hp as the cause of gastritis and gastric cancer, a continuous search for the mechanism by which Hp infection causes gastric cancer has been done. Interestingly, it is mainly atrophic gastritis of the oxyntic mucosa that predisposes to gastric cancer possibly by inducing hypoacidity and hypergastrinemia. There are many arguments in favor of an important role of gastrin and its target cell, the enterochromaffin-like cell, in gastric carcinogenesis. The role of gastrin in gastric carcinogenesis implies caution in the long-term treatment with inhibitors of gastric acid secretion inducing secondary hypergastrinemia, in a common disease like gastroesophageal reflux disease.Keywords: carcinogenesis, classification of cancer, gastric cancer, gastrin, hormones, neuroendocrine neoplasia Gastric cancer has been one of the most prevalent cancers and combined with a high mortality, gastric cancer has been among the leading causes of cancer death. However, there has been a continuous decline in the prevalence of gastric cancers during the last decades. Unfortunately, in spite of widespread use of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, the prognosis in patients affected in the western world has not been much improved. This is in contrast to Japan where gastric cancer often is diagnosed at an early phase allowing removal and a better prognosis (1, 2). This is partly due to special screening programs in Japan having a high prevalence of gastric cancer (1, 2), resulting in diagnoses at a curable stage. In most western countries, the prevalence is much lower (3), and therefore, no such program has been implemented. The cause of the geographical differences in the prevalence of gastric cancer most probably is increased prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) in East Asia as well as a higher frequency of atrophic oxyntic gastritis (4). The prognosis of gastric cancer is better in patients from East Asia even when living in the west possibly due to less aggressive biology (5). In this review, we will focus on the role of gastrin in the etiology of gastric cancer and at the same time give an explanation of the decline in frequency. We will only cover cancers originating from epithelial cells (carcinomas) and will not discuss the importance of Epstein-Barr virus that plays a role neither in gastric carcinogenesis (6) nor in human papilloma virus, which has a less established impact (7).

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“…Infections hijack the host DNA methylation mechanism via increasing DNMTs in order to control host transcription to their benefit. cancer, suggesting its potential role as risk factor for gastric cancer [106][107]. Study on human cervical carcinoma SiHa and CaSki cell lines has shown that P53 TSG suppresses DNMT1 expression [108].…”

Section: Expression Of Dnmts and Susceptibility To Infections In Gastmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Methyltransferases and Gastric Cancer: Insight Into Targeted Therapy

et al. 2018

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Gastric cancer is a major health problem worldwide occupying most frequent causes of cancerrelated mortality. In addition to genetic modifications, epigenetic alterations catalyzed by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) is a well-characterized epigenetic hallmark in gastric cancer. The reversible nature of epigenetic alterations and central role of DNA methylation in diverse biological processes provides an opportunity for using DNA methyltransferase inhibitors to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutics. In this review, we discussed key factors or mechanisms such as SNPs, infections, and genetic modifications that trigger DNMTs level modification in gastric cancer, and their potential roles in cancer progression. Finally, we focused on how inhibitors of the DNMTs can most effectively be used for the treatment of gastric cancer with multidrug resistance.

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Potential role of human papilloma virus in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer

Abstract: The study does not confirm the presence or biological activity of HPV in tumor tissues. Thus, the relationship between GAC and HPV infection, in the Central European population seems doubtful.

Cited by 25 publications

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Human papillomavirus as a potential risk factor for gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of 1,917 cases

Human papillomavirus as a potential risk factor for gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of 1,917 cases

Gastrin and Gastric Cancer

DNA Methyltransferases and Gastric Cancer: Insight Into Targeted Therapy

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