Potential Role of Peroral Cholangioscopy for Preoperative Diagnosis of Cholangiocarcinoma

Abstract

POCS is a useful preoperative examination modality for assessing tumor extension in cholangiocarcinoma patients, especially in those with filling defects.

Effect of mapping biopsy on surgical management of cholangiocarcinoma

“…In addition to MB, modalities such as IDUS, POCS, and 3DCT cholangiography, may also have contributed to achieving curative resection in our series. To improve sensitivity for diagnosing tumor extension of CCA, a combination of two or more examinations may be required …”

“…Intraductal ultrasonography (IDUS) through the transpapillary or percutaneous transhepatic route has a high accuracy in detecting longitudinal extension and periductal lymph nodes of CCA . Per‐oral cholangioscopy (POCS) increases the accuracy in identifying tumor extension combined with ERC . We have also reported the usefulness of three‐dimensional computed tomographic (3DCT) cholangiography as a tool for providing accurate information on hilar anatomy and playing a role in adequate operative planning …”

“…9,10 Per-oral cholangioscopy (POCS) increases the accuracy in identifying tumor extension combined with ERC. 11 We have also reported the usefulness of three-dimensional computed tomographic (3DCT) cholangiography as a tool for providing accurate information on hilar anatomy and playing a role in adequate operative planning. 12 Endoscopic transpapillary mapping biopsy (MB) is another useful method for evaluating longitudinal intraductal extension, especially superficial spread.…”

Endoscopic Perspective in Cholangiocarcinoma Diagnostic Process

“…Among these cases, an intraoperative frozen section revealed a spread of malignant cells beyond the predicted tumor margin in one of them, while the remaining two corresponded in preoperative and intraoperative findings. Thus, the results of local staging with DSOC should be interpreted cautiously [67,69,70].…”