Potential Roles of Adropin in Central Nervous System: Review of Current Literature

Shahjouei, Shima; Ansari, Saeed; Pourmotabbed, Tayebeh; Zand, Ramin

doi:10.3389/fmolb.2016.00025

Cited by 33 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Several studies have shown an association of adropin with the CNS. Adropin is expressed in the CNS and is associated with the development of stroke, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder 5 . In the CNS, adropin functions via the orphan G protein‐coupled receptor, GPR19.…”

Section: Adropin Regulates Biological Pathways That Are Directly or Imentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adropin as a potential mediator of the metabolic system‐autonomic nervous system‐chronobiology axis: Implementing a personalized signature‐based platform for chronotherapy

2020

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Adropin is a peptide hormone, which plays a role in energy homeostasis and controls glucose and fatty acid metabolism. Its levels correlate with changes in carbohydratelipid metabolism, metabolic diseases, central nervous system function, endothelial function and cardiovascular disease. Both metabolic pathways and adropin are regulated by the circadian clocks. Here, we review the roles of the autonomic nervous system and circadian rhythms in regulating metabolic pathways and energy homeostasis. The beneficial effects of chronotherapy in various systems are discussed. We suggest a potential role for adropin as a mediator of the metabolic system-autonomic nervous system axis. We discuss the possibility of establishing an individualized adropin and circadian rhythm-based platform for implementing chronotherapy, and variability signatures for improving the efficacy of adropin-based therapies are discussed. K E Y W O R D S adropin, autonomic nervous system, chronobiology, metabolic syndrome 1 | INTRODUCTION Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic and cardiovascular complications, which increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). 1 The pathogenesis of MetS involves multiple factors, including the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and the circadian rhythm. 2 Recently, MetS was also shown to increase the risk and mortality of cancer, 3 with which it shares many risk factors including age, genetic factors, obesity, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, alcohol, smoking, endocrine disruptors exposure and air pollution. Recent studies have suggested that several peptide hormones play important roles in the modulation of systemic metabolism and energy homeostasis. Adropin is a product of the energy homeostasis associated (Enho) gene and a peptide hormone that plays a role in the regulation of energy homeostasis and controls glucose and fatty acid metabolism. It was originally described as a secreted peptide, with

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Section: Adropin Regulates Biological Pathways That Are Directly or Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was later shown to be a membrane‐bound protein modulating cell‐cell communication. Adropin is mainly expressed in the liver and the central nervous system (CNS) but can also be found in the kidney, heart, pancreas, small intestine and endothelial cells 4–6 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adropin as a potential mediator of the metabolic system‐autonomic nervous system‐chronobiology axis: Implementing a personalized signature‐based platform for chronotherapy

2020

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“…Low adropin levels are closely related to insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and increased body fat mass (BFM). Clinical trial studies have revealed that conditions such as T2DM, gestational DM, obesity, metabolic syndrome, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, polycystic ovary syndrome, coronary atherosclerosis, and central nervous system disorders are also associated with low adropin levels 16, 21–25. Adropin levels were also determined lower in patients with endometrium cancer than normal group 26…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Adropin as a Potential Marker Predicting Obesity and Obesity-associated Cancer in Korean Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Choi

Yim

2018

J Cancer Prev

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BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cancer are serious health problems worldwide, and their prevalences have been on the rise in recent years. It has been reported that adropin plays an important role in the development of T2DM, oxidative stress, inflammation, and obesity. However, there is limited information available on T2DM from human studies, especially for the Korean population. In this study, we aimed to investigate the correlation between adropin levels and obesity of Korean T2DM patients.MethodsThirty-six T2DM patients were recruited for this study. The participants were further classified into female (n = 12) and male (n = 24). Their body composition, metabolic parameters, inflammatory factors, and oxidative stress were measured.ResultsThe severity of obesity is more manifested in male than in female. Plasma triglyceride (TG) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels of male were significantly higher than female. The plasma adropin and adiponectin level of female was significantly higher than male. The body weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat mass were negatively correlated with the plasma adropin level in female, whereas adropin has positive correlation with adiponectin in female. The hs-CRP was negatively correlated with the plasma adropin level in female and male. malondialdehyde, reactive oxidative species, and TNF-α was not significantly correlated with adropin in patients with T2DM.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that adropin may be more used as a biomarker for predicting the risk of obesity and inflammation in Korean patients with T2DM, especially women.

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“…Akt inhibits apoptosis by phosphorylating and inhibiting pro-apoptotic mediators, including Bad (10). The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is considered a central mediator in signal transduction pathways involving cell growth and cell survival, thereby maintaining the balance between cell survival and cell death (11). Traditionally, the neuroprotective function of PI3K/Akt has been attributed almost entirely to its anti-apoptotic actions (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of carnosine pretreatment on the inflammatory response and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway following hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal rats

Zhang

Xia

Huang

et al. 2019

Preprint

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An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that carnosine plays a neuroprotective role in many types of brain injury. We have previously shown that carnosine has both short-term and long-lasting neuroprotective effects in a hypoxia-ischemia(HI) rat model. In the mature brain, post-ischemia neuronal survival involves in activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway, whether the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway also plays an important role in the immature brain still remain unclear.The goal of this study is to detect the effection of carnosine on inflammation response following HI, further evidencing neuroprotection of carnosine.We measured total Akt, phospho-Akt (p-AKT) and tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) protein levels by western blot assay and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and TNFR1 mRNA expression using real-time RT-PCR. We found the carnosine-pretreated group had statistically significant downregulation of TNF-α mRNA levels 24 h after HI (P < 0.05). Similar results were observed when we measured TNFR1 mRNA levels both 24h and 72h after HI (P < 0.05). And the TNFR1 protein expression after HI was markedly decreased at 24 and 72 h post-HI in the carnosine-pretreated rats(P < 0.05). Nevertheless, the rats pretreated with carnosine showed a 2 marked increase in p-Akt levels (P< 0.05). And the pro-apoptotic protein Bad was also examined using immunohistochemistry after 24 and 72 h of all groups. We found significantly fewer Bad-positive cells in the carnosine-pretreated group at each time point after HI (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that carnosine pretreatment inhibits the HI-induced inflammatory response, and neuroprotection mechanism of carnosine involved in activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

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Potential Roles of Adropin in Central Nervous System: Review of Current Literature

Cited by 33 publications

References 103 publications

Adropin as a potential mediator of the metabolic system‐autonomic nervous system‐chronobiology axis: Implementing a personalized signature‐based platform for chronotherapy

Adropin as a potential mediator of the metabolic system‐autonomic nervous system‐chronobiology axis: Implementing a personalized signature‐based platform for chronotherapy

Plasma Adropin as a Potential Marker Predicting Obesity and Obesity-associated Cancer in Korean Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

The effects of carnosine pretreatment on the inflammatory response and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway following hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal rats

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