Potential selective advantage mechanism for polymorphic genetics in Celiac Disease

David, Joel; Mody, Bhavesh

doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2011.04.029

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The implicated genes at the HLA-DQ2 and/or DQ8 gene loci are found in 95 percent of people with celiac disease [23-25]. Recent genome wide studies have identified genes that convey overlapping susceptibility for a number of immune mediated conditions, including CD, type 1 diabetes, and Crohn’s disease [26]. To date, there have been no SNPs identified that would suggest a common genetic basis for EoE and CD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between celiac disease and eosinophilic esophagitis in children and adults

et al. 2013

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BackgroundAn association between eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and celiac disease (CD) has been suggested in the literature. Our aim was to confirm and quantify the association between these two diseases.MethodsAll patients in a large Canadian city diagnosed with EoE or CD over a five-year period were identified. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.ResultsOver the five-year study EoE was diagnosed in 421 patients and CD was diagnosed in 763 patients. The incidence of EoE ranged from 2.1 to 10.7 cases per 100,000 population. The incidence of CD ranged from 10.4 to 15.7 cases per 100,000 population. Among the EoE cohort, 83 (20%) cases of EoE and 245 (32%) cases of CD were diagnosed in pediatric patients. The incidence of EoE in the pediatric subpopulation ranged from 3.7 to 6.9 cases per 100,000 population. The incidence of CD in the pediatric subpopulation ranged from 9.5 to 22.7 cases per 100,000 population. The concomitant diagnosis of both EoE and CD was made in three patients, all of whom were pediatric males. The SIR for EoE in the CD cohort was 48.4 (95% CI = 9.73, 141.41) with a SIR for CD within the paediatric EoE cohort of 75.05 (95% CI = 15.08, 219.28).ConclusionsThis study confirms the association between EoE and CD. However, this association may be limited to pediatrics where the risk of each condition is increased 50 to 75-fold in patients diagnosed with the alternative condition. The concomitant diagnosis of these conditions should be considered in pediatric patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between celiac disease and eosinophilic esophagitis in children and adults

et al. 2013

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“…This genetic adaptative diversity may apply to CD. Interestingly, selective advantage mechanisms for polymorphic genes were speculated to contribute to the evolutionary survival of the CD populations [38,39,132] (Table 1). In fact, the human HLAs' genetic heterogeneity is a known major anti-infectious mechanism to fight microbes, parasites, and even viruses, SARS-CoV-2 included.…”

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HLA-DQ2/8 and COVID-19 in Celiac Disease: Boon or Bane

Lerner,

Benzvi,

Vojdani

2023

Microorganisms

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The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic continues to pose a global threat. While its virulence has subsided, it has persisted due to the continual emergence of new mutations. Although many high-risk conditions related to COVID-19 have been identified, the understanding of protective factors remains limited. Intriguingly, epidemiological evidence suggests a low incidence of COVID-19-infected CD patients. The present study explores whether their genetic background, namely, the associated HLA-DQs, offers protection against severe COVID-19 outcomes. We hypothesize that the HLA-DQ2/8 alleles may shield CD patients from SARS-CoV-2 and its subsequent effects, possibly due to memory CD4 T cells primed by previous exposure to human-associated common cold coronaviruses (CCC) and higher affinity to those allele’s groove. In this context, we examined potential cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 epitopes and human-associated CCC and assessed the binding affinity (BA) of these epitopes to HLA-DQ2/8. Using computational methods, we analyzed sequence similarity between SARS-CoV-2 and four distinct CCC. Of 924 unique immunodominant 15-mer epitopes with at least 67% identity, 37 exhibited significant BA to HLA-DQ2/8, suggesting a protective effect. We present various mechanisms that might explain the protective role of HLA-DQ2/8 in COVID-19-afflicted CD patients. If substantiated, these insights could enhance our understanding of the gene–environment enigma and viral–host relationship, guiding potential therapeutic innovations against the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

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Comparison of comorbid diagnoses in children with and without eosinophilic esophagitis in a large population

Capucilli

Cianferoni

Grundmeier

et al. 2018

Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology

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Potential selective advantage mechanism for polymorphic genetics in Celiac Disease

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

The association between celiac disease and eosinophilic esophagitis in children and adults

The association between celiac disease and eosinophilic esophagitis in children and adults

HLA-DQ2/8 and COVID-19 in Celiac Disease: Boon or Bane

Comparison of comorbid diagnoses in children with and without eosinophilic esophagitis in a large population

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