Potential soil degradation of paddy fields through observation approaches from various sources of environmental diversity

Abstract

Soil is classified as a vital and non-renewable natural resource for food production. We also could produce good-quality, healthy, and nutritious food through healthy soil. Good quality soil was rare to find. Typically, land used for food crop cultivation is regarded as having substantially degraded soil, characterized by a low proportion of soil macro primer nutrients and organic C content. This study aimed to determine the soil degradation of paddy field through environmental diversity that occur on the field. This research result showed that conventional paddy field cultivation is classified as degraded soil. Moreover, organic paddy field cultivation was classified as low degraded soil. After classifying the soil, proceed challenges of recommendations have been formulated this research aims. Monitoring the soil degradation level is necessary to set some recommendations for cultivation to prevent the ongoing degradation of rice fields and threaten food security. This research will produce a guideline and a body of literature highlighting the necessity of monitoring soil degradation levels and identifying limiting variables so that a paddy soil management strategy based on soil health can be adopted to sustain food security.

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“…Soil organic matter content significantly correlates with available water in the soil [45]. The correlation test results…”

Assessing the Effect of Rice Management System on Soil and Rice Quality Index in Girimarto, Wonogiri, Indonesia

“…Soil quality must be improved to reduce hazards (Agbede and Oyewumi, 2023), improve productivity, and enhance food security (Rosariastuti et al, 2018). Reducing the proportion of metals in the soil is also required to decrease soil degradation (Romadhon et al, 2023). Then, it will improve soil quality and produce healthy food products (Punyalue et al, 2018).…”

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“…Utilizing cow dung to produce organic fertilizer is a concrete example of implementing waste elimination in cattle farming (Malolan et al, 2021). Using cow dung as a constituent in making organic fertilizer with biological agents will yield organic fertilizer of comparable quality to that obtained from commercial sources (Romadhon et al, 2023). However, state that most producers disregard standard guidelines for the quality of organic fertilizer.…”