Potential Source Contribution Function Analysis of High Latitude Dust Sources over the Arctic: Preliminary Results and Prospects

Crocchianti, Stefano; Moroni, Beatrice; Dagsson-Waldhauserová, Pavla; Becagli, Silvia; Cappelletti, David

doi:10.3390/atmos12030347

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The concentrations of metals (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Ce, Cr, Cu, Fe, La, Mn, Ni, Pb, Ti, V, and Zn) were determined by an ELEMENT2 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Massachusetts, USA) inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP−MS) instrument, a double-focusing magnetic sector field (SF) ICP-SF-MS coupled with a desolvation system provided with a microflow nebulizer. 19 Meteorological parameters, including wind speed, wind direction, relative humidity, and ambient temperature, were recorded hourly at a height of 10 m (a.g.l.) on the Amundsen-Nobile Climate Change Tower in the neighborhood of the site.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Sources and Drivers of Size-Resolved Aerosol in the High Arctic Islands of Svalbard Using a Receptor Model Coupled with Machine Learning

Song

Becagli

Beddows

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Atmospheric aerosols are important drivers of Arctic climate change through aerosol–cloud–climate interactions. However, large uncertainties remain on the sources and processes controlling particle numbers in both fine and coarse modes. Here, we applied a receptor model and an explainable machine learning technique to understand the sources and drivers of particle numbers from 10 nm to 20 μm in Svalbard. Nucleation, biogenic, secondary, anthropogenic, mineral dust, sea salt and blowing snow aerosols and their major environmental drivers were identified. Our results show that the monthly variations in particles are highly size/source dependent and regulated by meteorology. Secondary and nucleation aerosols are the largest contributors to potential cloud condensation nuclei (CCN, particle number with a diameter larger than 40 nm as a proxy) in the Arctic. Nonlinear responses to temperature were found for biogenic, local dust particles and potential CCN, highlighting the importance of melting sea ice and snow. These results indicate that the aerosol factors will respond to rapid Arctic warming differently and in a nonlinear fashion.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Sources and Drivers of Size-Resolved Aerosol in the High Arctic Islands of Svalbard Using a Receptor Model Coupled with Machine Learning

Song

Becagli

Beddows

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…However, the dating of monazite grains and the presence of magnetite and iron sulfide also suggest the presence of regional wind transport from the areas of Nordaustlandet and Edgeøya, respectively. In addition, the presence of a long-range component from Northern Europe, Siberia and, to a limited extent, from Greenland, Greenland, and Iceland and Alaska was also evidenced (Moroni et al, 2018;Crocchianti et al, 2021).…”

Section: Svalbardmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Investigation of the physico-chemical properties is the key point to identify the source regions of dust and, possibly, to estimate their contributions in the different periods of the year. For example, in the case of Spitsbergen, the potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) analysis of aerosol samples taken in Ny-Alesund made it possible to clearly identify four different HLD sources located in Eurasia, Greenland, Arctic-Alaska and Iceland (Crocchianti et al, 2021). On the other hand, chemical-mineralogical investigation and single particle analysis made it possible to recognize and estimate the contribution of Icelandic dust in Ny-Alesund (Moroni et al, 2018).…”

Section: Local Hld Sources Versus Long-range Transported Dust: Discussing Svalbard and Antarcticamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mineral dust is often associated with hot, subtropical deserts, but importance of dust sources in the cold high latitudes (≥ 50 °N and ≥ 40 °S, including Arctic as a subregion ≥ 60 °N) has recently increased (Arnalds et al, 2016;Bachelder et al, 2020;Boy et al, 2019;Bullard et al, 2016;Cosentino et al, 2020;Gasso and Torres, 2019;Groot Zwaafting et al, 2016, 2017IPCC, 2019;Kavan et al, 2018Kavan et al, , 2020aRanjbar et al, 2020;Sanchez-Marroqin et al, 2020;Tobo et al, 2019). Mineral dust is transported from local high latitude dust (HLD) and low latitude dust (LLD) sources to high latitudes (Crocchianti et al, 2021;Groot Zwaafting et al, 2016, 2017Moroni et al, 2018;Varga et al, 2021), where local HLD dust emissions are increasingly being recognized as a driver for local climate, bio productivity and air quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Newly identified climatically and environmentally significant high latitude dust sources

Meinander

Dagsson-Waldhauserová

Amosov

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Dust particles emitted from high latitudes (≥ 50° N and ≥ 40° S, including Arctic as a subregion ≥ 60° N), have a potentially large local, regional, and global significance to climate and environment as short-lived climate forcers, air pollutants and nutrient sources. To understand the multiple impacts of the High Latitude Dust (HLD) on the Earth systems, it is foremost to identify the geographic locations and characteristics of local dust sources. Here, we identify, describe, and quantify the Source Intensity (SI) values using the Global Sand and Dust Storms Source Base Map (G-SDS-SBM), for sixty-four HLD sources included in our collection in the Northern (Alaska, Canada, Denmark, Greenland, Iceland, Svalbard, Sweden, and Russia) and Southern (Antarctica and Patagonia) high latitudes. Activity from most of these HLD dust sources show seasonal character. The environmental and climatic effects of dust on clouds and climatic feedbacks, atmospheric chemistry, marine environment, and cryosphere-atmosphere feedbacks at high latitudes are discussed, and regional-scale modelling of dust atmospheric transport from potential Arctic dust sources is demonstrated. It is estimated that high latitude land area with higher (SI ≥ 0.5), very high (SI ≥ 0.7) and the highest potential (SI ≥ 0.9) for dust emission cover >1 670 000 km2, >560 000 km2, and >240 000 km2, respectively. In the Arctic HLD region, land area with SI ≥ 0.5 is 5.5 % (1 035 059 km2), area with SI ≥ 0.7 is 2.3 % (440 804 km2), and with SI ≥ 0.9 it is 1.1 % (208 701 km2). Minimum SI values in the north HLD region are about three orders of magnitude smaller, indicating that the dust sources of this region are highly dependable on weather conditions. In the south HLD region, soil surface conditions are favourable for dust emission during the whole year. Climate change can cause decrease of snow cover duration, retrieval of glaciers, permafrost thaw, and increase of drought and heat waves intensity and frequency, which all lead to the increasing frequency of topsoil conditions favourable for dust emission and thereby increasing probability for dust storms. Our study provides a step forward to improve the representation of HLD in models and to monitor, quantify and assess the environmental and climate significance of HLD in the future.

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“…Other ions characteristic of combustion were also identified in aerosol filter samples from Tuktoyaktuk, such as NO − 3 and NH + 4 , possibly from the emission and oxidation of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and emissions of ammonia during fossil fuel combustion from local, regional (e.g., Prudhoe Bay Oil Field), and long-range sources. However, ammonia emissions in the Arctic have also been associated with natural sources, such as soil (Wentworth et al, 2016) and guano (Croft et al, 2016a;Wentworth et al, 2016), which could account for NH + 4 in aerosol filter samples at Tuktoyaktuk, particularly on 3 August because NH + 4 was detected in air masses that traveled near a bird colony on Banks Island before arriving at the ACCC (Fig. S1).…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of Aerosol Filtersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement report: The chemical composition of and temporal variability in aerosol particles at Tuktoyaktuk, Canada, during the Year of Polar Prediction Second Special Observing Period

et al. 2021

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Abstract. The chemical composition, sources, and concentrations of aerosol particles vary on a seasonal basis in the Arctic. While existing research has focused on understanding the occurrence of aerosol particles during the Arctic winter and spring, less is known of their occurrence during the Arctic summer. In this study, atmospheric aerosol particle chemical composition and concentration were determined during July–September 2018 at Tuktoyaktuk, NT, Canada (69.4∘ N, 133.0∘ W), to coincide with the Year of Polar Prediction's Second Special Observing Period in the Arctic. The chemical composition of fine (PM2.5) and coarse (PM10–2.5) aerosol filter samples suggests the ocean, mineral and/or road dust, and combustion were sources of the sampled aerosol particles. Mass concentrations of PM2 and PM10, estimated from optical particle counter measurements, remained within a similar range during the study. However, elevated mass concentrations coincided with a festival in the community of Tuktoyaktuk, suggesting local human activity was an important source of aerosol particles. Mass concentrations of PM2, which promote negative health effects in humans, were significantly lower at Tuktoyaktuk than the national air quality standard recommended by the government of Canada. These measurements provide an important baseline to compare with future measurements associated with the assessment of aerosol chemistry and air quality in the Arctic.

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Potential Source Contribution Function Analysis of High Latitude Dust Sources over the Arctic: Preliminary Results and Prospects

Cited by 18 publications

References 38 publications

Understanding Sources and Drivers of Size-Resolved Aerosol in the High Arctic Islands of Svalbard Using a Receptor Model Coupled with Machine Learning

Understanding Sources and Drivers of Size-Resolved Aerosol in the High Arctic Islands of Svalbard Using a Receptor Model Coupled with Machine Learning

Newly identified climatically and environmentally significant high latitude dust sources

Measurement report: The chemical composition of and temporal variability in aerosol particles at Tuktoyaktuk, Canada, during the Year of Polar Prediction Second Special Observing Period

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