Potential substrates for periphyton enhancement in Carp-SIS polyculture

Abstract

A field trial was carried out to test performance of four locally available substrates (split bamboo, whole bamboo, banana midrib and plastic bottle) for periphyton enhancement in farmer's ponds at Seri and Nandapur in Nawalparasi district for 7 months. Six carp species were stocked at 15000 fish/hectare and SIS at unrecorded densities. Carp was fed with rice bran and mustard oil cake at 1.5% BW while grass carp was fed with grass and banana leaves at 50% BW. There was no significant effect of substrates on growth and production of carp. Combined NFY was 19% higher in plastic bottle ponds than control ponds, while NFY of SIS was 50% higher in banana midrib ponds than control and other substrate ponds. FCR was significantly better (P<0.05) in split bamboo ponds than control ponds. Banana midrib decayed fast and was replaced 3-4 times during experimental period while plastic bottles performed better in terms of production and profit.

Effects of different substrates on the growth and composition of periphyton in the low saline groundwater system

“…The AFDW values were observed to be at less quantity than the values reported by Richard et al [8] and Guarientao et al [30]. Considering the taxonomic composition of periphyton in low saline groundwater in the present study, only 5 genera of planktons were observed from the 3 groups, whereas Azim et al [22] have documented 29 genera from 6 groups of planktons, and Rai et al [31] have documented more than 40 genera from 6 groups of planktons in fresh water-based substrates. This fewer species diversification in low saline groundwater reported is due to the impact of salinity as a limiting factor in controlling the growth of microalgae at lower salinity as reported by Khatoon et al [32], and groundwater does not meet the necessary osmotic requirement of the cultured organisms.…”

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“…Menurut Majumder et al (2018) bahwa pemberian perifiton untuk ikan dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan serta dapat menekan biaya produksi dalam kegiatan akuakultur. Pakan adalah salah satu komponen utama dalam kegiatan akuakultur dan meyumbang sekitar 60% biaya produksi (Rai et al 2018;Laheng et al, 2019;Setiawati et al, 2016). Selain itu, pemanfaatan perifiton yang tumbuh dikolam budidaya menjadi salah satu upaya dalam menjaga kualitas air tetap baik (Sakr et al, 2015).…”

Effect of Bamboo Substrate on Growth and Production of Carp and Small Indigenous Fish

“…Thus it is essential to reduce feed cost to increase optimum profit. Adding substrates in ponds is found to increase carp growth and production, and reduce feed cost by providing harvestable natural food periphyton (Jha et al, 2018;Rai et al, 2019). Carp such as Rohu (Labeo rohita), Catla (Catla catla) and Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) are periphyton feeder and are benefitted from putting substrate into the ponds.…”

“…Carp such as Rohu (Labeo rohita), Catla (Catla catla) and Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) are periphyton feeder and are benefitted from putting substrate into the ponds. Carp had 47% higher total weight gain in no feeding (Rai et al, 2007) and 55% higher yield in half feeding (Rai et al, 2019) periphyton enhanced systems indicated its potential to reduce feed input and cost.…”

“…Carp polyculture in periphyton enhanced system has been studied substantially in Bangladesh (Azim et al, 2002(Azim et al, , 2004 and India (Ramesh et al, 1999;Mridula et al, 2003Mridula et al, , 2004Gangadhar and Keshavnath, 2012; but very few studies on carp-SIS polyculture in periphyton enhanced system have been done (Jha et al, 2018;Rai et al, 2018;Rai et al, 2019). Among the substrates used for periphyton enhancement, bamboo has performed best (Azim et al, 2002;Rai et al, 2007;Jha et al, 2018;Rai et al, 2019) and its potential to use as a periphyton substrates is higher due to its wide availability in the village. Farmers can have multiple benefits from bamboo substrate because it protects pond fish from poaching, improves water quality and eases harvesting of local snail Ghungi (Bellamya bengalensis).…”