Potential Uses of Isolated Toxin Peptides in Neuropathic Pain Relief: A Literature Review

Hamad, Mousa; He, Kevin; Abdulrazeq, Hael; Mustafa, Ali; Luceri, Robert E; Kamal, Naveed; Ali, Mohsin; Nakhla, Jonathan; Herzallah, Mohammad M.; Mammis, Antonios

doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2018.01.116

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 179 publications

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“…Neuropathic pain is a chronic pain disease, caused by neuron damages or firing aberrantly (Hamad et al . 2018 ). During the process of pain signaling delivery in neurons, postsynaptic neurons are activated or inhibited by excitatory or inhibitory neurotransmitters released from presynaptic neurons, respectively (Fig.…”

Section: The Therapeutic Applications Of Animal Toxins In Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal protein toxins: origins and therapeutic applications

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2018

Biophys Rep

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Venomous animals on the earth have been found to be valuable resources for the development of therapeutics. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins and peptides are the major components of animal venoms, many of which can target various ion channels, receptors, and membrane transporters. Compared to traditional small molecule drugs, natural proteins and peptides exhibit higher specificity and potency to their targets. In this review, we summarize the varieties and characteristics of toxins from a few representative venomous animals, and describe the components and applications of animal toxins as potential drug candidates in the treatment of human diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, neuropathic pain, as well as autoimmune diseases. In the meantime, there are many obstacles to translate new toxin discovery to their clinical applications. The challenges, strategies, and perspectives in the development of the protein toxin-based drugs are discussed as well.

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Section: The Therapeutic Applications Of Animal Toxins In Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal protein toxins: origins and therapeutic applications

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2018

Biophys Rep

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“…Therefore, the small peptides aroused great research attention. Today there are already in use clinical polypeptides, such as exenatide, insulin, and ziconotide. , Meanwhile, a large number of biopeptides with other activities also have been found, such as antimicrobial peptides, analgesic peptides, and so on. , However, the research and discovery of peptides with antihyperuricemic activity is still in its infancy. ,, …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Rice-Derived Short Peptide Potently Alleviated Hyperuricemia Induced by Potassium Oxonate in Rats

Liu

Wang

Yang

et al. 2018

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Gout that caused by hyperuricemia affects human health seriously and more efficient drugs are urgently required clinically. In this study, a novel peptide named RDP1 (AAAAGAKAR, 785.91 Da) was identified from the extract of shelled fruits of Oryza sativa. Our results demonstrated that RDP1 (the minimum effective concentration is 10 μg/kg) could significantly reduce the serum uric acid and creatinine and alleviate hyperuricemic nephropathy in rats by intragastric administration. RDP1 inhibited xanthine oxidase, which also was verified at the animal level. Results from molecular docking indicated that RDP1 can inhibit uric acid formation by occupying the binding site of xanthine oxidase to xanthine. Besides, RDP1 showed no toxicity on rats and was stable in several temperatures, demonstrating its advantages for transportation. This research was the first discovery of antihyperuricemic peptide from the shelled fruits of O. Sativa and provided a new candidate for the development of hypouricemic drugs.

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“…Numerous lines of evidence have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of these inhibitory toxins that can induce strong analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects in various animal models of pain. Furthermore, several toxin peptides are currently under clinical investigation for the treatment of several pain conditions [311,312,317]. Although inhibition of pain-related receptors appears to be the most logical therapeutic strategy, several findings have demonstrated that prolonged activation of these receptors could produce profound analgesic effects, probably via desensitization of these receptors and defunctionalization of nociceptors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Toxins in the Pursuit for Novel Analgesics

Maatuf

Geron

Priel

2019

Toxins

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Chronic pain is a major medical issue which reduces the quality of life of millions and inflicts a significant burden on health authorities worldwide. Currently, management of chronic pain includes first-line pharmacological therapies that are inadequately effective, as in just a portion of patients pain relief is obtained. Furthermore, most analgesics in use produce severe or intolerable adverse effects that impose dose restrictions and reduce compliance. As the majority of analgesic agents act on the central nervous system (CNS), it is possible that blocking pain at its source by targeting nociceptors would prove more efficient with minimal CNS-related side effects. The development of such analgesics requires the identification of appropriate molecular targets and thorough understanding of their structural and functional features. To this end, plant and animal toxins can be employed as they affect ion channels with high potency and selectivity. Moreover, elucidation of the toxin-bound ion channel structure could generate pharmacophores for rational drug design while favorable safety and analgesic profiles could highlight toxins as leads or even as valuable therapeutic compounds themselves. Here, we discuss the use of plant and animal toxins in the characterization of peripherally expressed ion channels which are implicated in pain.

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Potential Uses of Isolated Toxin Peptides in Neuropathic Pain Relief: A Literature Review

Cited by 14 publications

References 179 publications

Animal protein toxins: origins and therapeutic applications

Animal protein toxins: origins and therapeutic applications

New Rice-Derived Short Peptide Potently Alleviated Hyperuricemia Induced by Potassium Oxonate in Rats

The Role of Toxins in the Pursuit for Novel Analgesics

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