Potential uses of phosphogypsum: A review

Pliaka, Maria; Gaidajis, Georgios

doi:10.1080/10934529.2022.2105632

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…Under certain environmental atmosphere, the surface of β-phosphogypsum products (M-β-PG) (e.g. gypsum plaster mortar, gypsum self-levelling mortar, gypsum hollow slats and foamed blocks [2][3][4] ). As shown in figure 1, will grow mold, such as Aspergillus, Penicillium and Xylaria, can grow on the product's surface [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular simulation study of the adhesion characteristics of β-phosphogypsum product surface to mold biomolecules

Liu

Zhou

2023

Mater. Res. Express

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The adhesion of β-phosphogypsum product (M-β-PG) to mold is one of the factors affecting its mildew，and the possible structure and mechanism of the interaction between mold adsorbed on M-β-PG surface remain unclear. From the point of view of the interaction between the main biomolecular (Z) on the surface of mold cell wall and the main component of M-β-PG gypsum (G), the adsorption characteristics and interaction mechanism of Z on G surface were studied by means of molecular simulation and experiment. Using X-ray diffraction, gypsum phase composition analysis, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, microbial diversity detection and other tests, the object of molecular simulation modeling was determined. By analyzing the fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) functional group test, the geometric optimization, the band structure and the density of states calculated by quantum mechanics; the adsorption heat, interaction energy, adsorption isotherm, adsorption bond length and mean square displacement calculated by molecular mechanics, the interaction mechanism between G and Z is studied. The results showed that the adsorption occurred primarily between the hydroxyl and carboxyl O atoms and amino N atoms of Z and Ca, S and H atoms in G. The forms of interaction were hydrogen bonding and van der Waals force interaction, which belonged to physical adsorption. On the surface of G, the most and least adsorbed were β-glucan and galactosamine, respectively, whereas the strongest and weakest adsorbed were galactomannan and galactosamine, respectively. This study provides some indication for the interaction mechanism between mold and phosphogypsum surface.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2followed by impurities, such as phosphorus, fluorine and organic matter. According to statistics, cumulative global PG emissions are about 6 billion t and increasing at a rate of 100-280 million t/year[2] .…”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular simulation study of the adhesion characteristics of β-phosphogypsum product surface to mold biomolecules

Liu

Zhou

2023

Mater. Res. Express

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“…in PG and the solidification of heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Cr, Ba, Ni, etc.) has caused difficulty in its reuse [ 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Pretreated Phosphogypsum and Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag on the Rheological Properties of the Paste Excited by NaOH

Dong

Chen

et al. 2023

Molecules

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The main component of phosphogypsum (PG) is CaSO4·2H2O. PG contains a few impurities, heavy metals, and radioisotopes, which limit the use of PG and pose a danger to the environment. In this study, under the excitation of a sodium hydroxide solution, the rheological properties of a paste with granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) and PG treated with ultrasonic water washing were investigated. Experimental results showed that the ratio of GGBS to PG and the amount of sodium hydroxide solution significantly affect the density and viscosity of the paste, but the effect patterns of both are different. The maximum viscosity was 498 mPa·s when the ratio of GGBS to PG was 4:1. When the ratio changed from 3:2 to 1:4, the viscosity of the paste gradually decreased by 15.5%, 32.1%, 36.1%, and 46.8%, respectively. In contrast, the ratio of GGBS to PG had a greater effect on the viscosity than the amount of sodium hydroxide solution in terms of the standard consistency water consumption, viscosity, and water release ratio. The larger the PG ratio, the smaller the density, viscosity, and water release ratio of the paste. The variation in the ratio of GGBS to PG had a significant effect on the water film thickness of the paste, demonstrating that the larger the PG mixture, the larger the water film thickness of the paste, which reached 1.122 μm, 2.31 times the minimum water film thickness of the paste. At the same time, the water film thickness of the paste was negatively correlated with the water consumption of the standard consistency, viscosity, and water release ratio, and was positively correlated with the fluidity.

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“…The most common practice of PG management all over the world, including Poland (Grabas et al 2018), is its storage in the form of heaps located near the phosphoric acid plant. These landfills have been classified as highly harmful to the environment, posing a serious threat due to the possibility of soil and groundwater contamination by rainwater flowing from the slopes of the heap and by infiltration of rainwater into the deeper layers of the landfill (Hentati et al 2015, Saadaoui et al 2017, Pliaka and Gaidajis 2022. Importantly, the heaps that are formed often reach up tens of meters in height and collect enormous amounts of contaminated material in one place (Grabas et al 2018, Pliaka andGaidajis 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These are, among others, fluorosilicic acid, calcium, sodium and potassium fluorosilicates, and undecomposed phosphorus raw material. In addition, considerable contents of heavy metals are also present in PG, including cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) (Hentati et al 2015, Grabas et al 2018, Pliaka and Gaidajis 2022. The unfavorable and time-varying physicochemical properties of phosphogypsum are factors limiting the potential for reclamation of its heaps.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archives of Environmental Protection

Stępień,

Piszcz

et al. 2022

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Potential uses of phosphogypsum: A review

Cited by 31 publications

References 120 publications

Molecular simulation study of the adhesion characteristics of β-phosphogypsum product surface to mold biomolecules

Molecular simulation study of the adhesion characteristics of β-phosphogypsum product surface to mold biomolecules

Effects of Pretreated Phosphogypsum and Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag on the Rheological Properties of the Paste Excited by NaOH

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