Potentialities of fluorescent carbon nanomaterials as sensor for food analysis

Abstract

Food safety and quality are among the most significant and prevalent research areas worldwide. The fabrication of appropriate technical procedures or devices for the recognition of hazardous features in foods is essential to safeguard food materials. In the recent era, developing high‐performance sensors based on carbon nanomaterial for food safety investigation has made noteworthy progress. Hence this review briefly highlights the different detection approaches (colorimetric sensor, fluorescence sensor, surface‐enhanced Raman scattering, surface plasmon resonance, chemiluminescence, and electroluminescence), functional carbon nanomaterials with various dimensions (quantum dots, graphene quantum dots) and detection mechanisms. Further, this review emphasizes the assimilation of carbon nanomaterials with optical sensors to identify multiple contaminants in food products. The insights of carbon‐based nanomaterials optical sensors for pesticides and insecticides, toxic metals, antibiotics, microorganisms, and mycotoxins detection are described in detail. Finally, the opportunities and future perspectives of nanomaterials‐based optical analytical approaches for detecting various food contaminants are discussed.

Carbon Nanomaterial Fluorescent Probes and Their Biological Applications

“…This section presents a review of the research surrounding the application of CNMs in environmental optical sensing, focusing on post-2019 literature (Table ). Key focal areas encompass sensing of pathogens, ,− explosives and contaminants, − metal ions, − volatile organic compounds (VOCs), − plant hormones, − and ROS/RNS. − For a more detailed overview of the broad use of CNMs as fluorescence sensors, readers may refer to the other reviews. − …”

Smart and intelligent optical materials for sensing applications

“…Saha and Alam [22] surveyed literature covering the period from 2010 to 2022 on single molecular sensing tools for different metal ions. Sabuli et al [23] discussed the synthesis and fundamental features of colorimetric and fluorescence sensors produced by nanomaterials rich in carbon compounds, identifying various food contaminants such as mycotoxins, pathogens, and microorganisms. Imran et al [24] provided information on nano-based optical and electrochemical sensing methods, which were applied for the analysis of amoxicillin (AMX) in test samples.…”

“…In this study, the LODs of myoglobin and GABA were 56.48 and 112.75 nM, respectively, and the fabricated sensor was sensitive towards the target analyte. Verma et al [52] developed a CuFe 2 O 4 /rGO nanocomposite‐based nonenzymatic amperometric sensing device for selective uric acid (UA) detection. The study's results suggested that the fabricated sensor was highly selective and sensitive towards UA.…”

A novel fluorescent aptasensor for the detection of theophylline based on cryonase‐driven signal amplification strategy

“…Recently, a large number of nanomaterials have attracted wide attention, such as carbon materials, gold nanomaterials and metallic nanomaterials [15]. Among them, carbon nanomaterials include carbon nanohorns, carbon dots, carbon nanotubes, and so on [16]. Single‐walled carbon nanohorns (SWCNHs), a horn‐shaped sheath composed of single‐wall graphene sheets, have been demonstrated to be biocompatible with low cytotoxicity, facile surface modification, and low manufacturing cost [17].…”

“…Recently, a large number of nanomaterials have attracted wide attention, such as carbon materials, gold nanomaterials and metallic nanomaterials [15]. Among them, carbon nanomaterials include carbon nanohorns, carbon dots, carbon nanotubes, and so on [16].…”