Potentially toxic elements and persistent organic pollutants in water and fish at Shahid Rajaei Dam, north of Iran

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to assess selected potentially toxic elements and persistent organic pollutants concentrations in the Shahid Rajaei Dam reservoir as well as their accumulation in barbel and Leuciscus cephalus fish species. The concentration of arsenic, mercury, nickel, chromium and cadmium in all water samples is less than WHO drinking water standard. Chromium shows a higher concentration than WHO standard in both fish species, while nickel and mercury content in barbel fish is higher than WHO standard. The result of principle component analyses indicates an increased elemental concentration due to application of phosphorus fertilizers in the agricultural lands, especially paddy field, ending up to the Tajan River and Shahid Rajaei Dam reservoir. Ni, Co, Mn, Pb and Cr display a quasi-independent behavior within the groups (PC1, PC2 and PC3) reflecting contribution of both geogenic and anthropogenic sources. The concentrations of persistent organic pollutants in all water samples, except M-5 sample, are less than WHO and EPA drinking water standards, while persistent organic pollutants (detected in both fish species) indicate higher contents than those of EPA standard values. Based on carcinogenic health risk value, maximum allowable fish consumption for arsenic is two meals per month. The result of noncarcinogenic health risk of mercury indicates one and three meals consumption per month for barbel and L. cephalus fishes, respectively. The calculation of maximum allowable fish consumption based on carcinogenic health for dieldrin, P HCH, heptachlor epoxide, P DDT and P PCBs reveals monthly meals limitation of both fish species grown in Shahid Rajaei Dam.

Distribution and ECo-Toxicological Risk Assessment of Legacy Persistent Organic Pollutants in Surface Water of Talar, Babolrood and Haraz Rivers

“…The mean concentrations of DDTs, lindane and dieldrin are shown in Tables 1-3. OCPs: DDT concentration in this study is in line with observation for Karun River (36 ng/L) [44], Lake Parishan (35.5 ng/L) [45] and Lake Tashk (51 ng/L) [46] but lower than Anzali wetland (108.83 ng/L) [47] and Shahid Rajaei Dam (<LOQ to 100 ng/L) [48] in Iran. Compared with OCP levels in other rivers across the globe, the mean concentration of DDT was lower than the Hooghly River (838 ng/L) [49], River Nile (210 ng/L) [50], Pearl River Estuary (143 ng/L) [51] and Iberian Peninsula (164.93 ng/L) [52] but were higher than Moscow River (<LOQ) [53], Yongding River (4.65 ng/L) [54], Chenab River (9.07 ng/L) [55], Ravi River (12.15 ng/L) [56,57] and surface water around Bejing (0.375 ng/L) [58].…”

Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation Pattern in Edible Tissues of Different Farmed Fishes of Mymensingh Area, Bangladesh and Health Risk Assessment

“…The average Cr concentrations for grass carp, silver carp and mrigel were 15.10, 14.57 and 14.94 µg g -1 , respectively (Table 3). According to Shakeri et al [38], WHO set the maximum allowable concentration of Cr 0.15 µg g -1 for human. The present study results revealed that all species and sizes of fish samples contained higher amount of Cr than this limit of WHO.…”

A bibliometric-based evaluation on environmental research in the Arab world

“…Additionally, these problems have featured hugely in scientific publications and warnings (Tolba and Saab 2009). Such problems that have been hugely addressed in the literature include, as an examples, air pollution (Ahmadi et al 2015;Li et al 2016a), climatic changes (Carleton and Hsiang 2016; Deutsch et al 2015), industrial effluents (Padmanaban et al 2016), desertification (Juřička et al 2016;Li et al 2016b), vulnerability of groundwater to external pollutants (Damak et al 2016;Iqbal et al 2014), land degradation (Akhtar-Schuster et al 2016;Kosmas et al 2016) and aquatic environment pollution with organic and inorganic pollutants (Shakeri et al 2015).…”