Potentials for a circular economy of mineral construction materials and demolition waste in urban areas: a case study from Vienna

Lederer, Jakob; Gassner, Andreas; Kleemann, Fritz; Fellner, Johann

doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104942

Cited by 81 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Studies have further pointed out that construction and demolition waste (CDW) accounts for at least 30% of the total solid waste produced around the world, and the percentage is expected to increase over the next few years, because dumping these wastes in sanitary landfills has always been the traditional approach to waste management, but this will not be feasible in the years to come. To significantly reduce or eliminate the amount of CDW being dumped, the adoption of circular economy principles has been recommended as a possible solution to the increasing amounts of CDW [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. The adoption of circular economy principles has been referred to as a closed-loop system or industrial symbiosis, wherein the waste product from one industry or industrial sector is deployed as a resource in another industry for production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Durability Assessment and Microstructure of High-Strength Performance Bricks Produced from PET Waste and Foundry Sand

et al. 2021

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Fired clay brickwork in buildings is prone to cracks and deterioration upon exposure to long-time acidic contamination and water absorption, hence decreasing the bearing capacity of masonry walls. As its contribution toward resolving this challenge, this study assessed the durability and morphological characteristics of high-strength performance bricks produced from a mixture of PET waste (PW) and foundry sand (FS). The PET waste bricks (PWBs) were produced through different proportioning (PW: FS) of 20%, 30%, and 40% of the dry mass of FS. The PWBs produced were tested for durability and compressive and tensile strengths and compared to fired clay bricks to evaluate their load-bearing capacity under compression and tension. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests were employed to analyze the morphological structure of the bricks. The test results revealed that the PWBs recorded an appreciable strength of 1.5–2 times that of fired clay bricks, and lower water absorption whilst retaining their ultimate strengths after complete immersion in water and acidic concentrations. The morphology of PWB possessed greater intercluster bonds on the surface compared to clay bricks. The findings demonstrate a reasonable methodological approach toward the production of masonry bricks using a mixture of PET waste and spent foundry sands.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Durability Assessment and Microstructure of High-Strength Performance Bricks Produced from PET Waste and Foundry Sand

et al. 2021

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“…Recently, the 2020 NWP developed seven circular economy indicators based on the MFA [77]. The "Recycled Content (RC)", "Collection Efficiency (CE)", and "Sorting Efficiency (SE)" [77] (p. 35) indicators are related in this study. In particular, the RC is defined as the "secondary sourced material divided by consumption", the CE as "discarded materials collected for recovery divided by total discarded materials entering the waste system", and the SE is defined as "materials collected for sorting divided by materials sent to reprocessing" [77] (p. 35).…”

Section: Australiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tazi, et al [35] assessed the circularity of inert building materials for the French dwelling sector by employing Material Flow Analysis (MFA) at a regional level. Their model considers several variables related to location, number of dwellings, total floor area, and end-of-life scenario as well as market variables.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although these notable studies have developed frameworks, models, and methodologies to measure the recycling potential of CDW materials accurately, they fail to provide a unique definition for the potential of the circular economy. Specifically, Tazi, Idir, and Ben Fraj [35] defined the recyclability rate of a region as the ratio of the average flows of inert materials (e.g., concrete, bricks, stones, asphalt, and tiles, including mortar) that can be recycled in a year to the average amount of CDW materials generated in a region in the same year [35] (p. 11). In a similar fashion, Lederer, Gassner, Kleemann, and Fellner [36] measured it as the ratio of material mass balance in tonnes produced in a year; the material mass is estimated with the MFA formula as the difference between the output material flow and the stored material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conceptualising the Circular Economy Potential of Construction and Demolition Waste: An Integrative Literature Review

et al. 2021

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Traditionally, construction and demolition waste (CDW) materials have been considered to be unwanted, surplus, or wastage materials or materials with zero value. Such a conceptualisation only embraces a negative aspect, which underpins the disposal of reusable and recyclable CDW materials in landfills, thus damaging the circular economy and the environment. The scope of this research was to conceptualise the circular economy potential of non-hazardous construction and demolition waste, which can be used as a resource for advancing the circular economy and sustainability in the built environment. Thus, the abbreviation ‘CEPCDR’ is used for this purpose. The study employs an integrative literature review to understand in depth whether the rationale in the existing CDW definitions advocates for the circular economy. Instead, the literature showed that the current definitions mainly support quantitative, economic, or classification needs, respectively. That is because they lack consideration of the dynamic nature of CDW materials, which embraces the spatial and temporal dimensions. The former involves the geographic context in which the CDW phenomenon eventuates, while the latter concerns the lifecycle of materials. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by conceptualising the CEPCDR using a holistic approach that includes five dimensions: the social, economic, environmental, spatial, and temporal perspectives. Furthermore, the study seeks to drive future research in measuring the CEPCDR.

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“…In other industrial sectors, recycled materials are typically competitive when there is difficulty in obtaining virgin raw materials and suitable locations for storage. Therefore, the proposal for sustainable concrete is based on the substitution of stone aggregates Sustainability 2021, 13, 3044 2 of 17 of natural origin for construction and demolition waste (C&DW), and it proves to be very interesting for infrastructure and buildings, enabling the implementation of circular economic models [8][9][10]. The government requirement to mitigate the environmental impact of the different construction projects through the proper management of the C&DW potentiates their reincorporation into the construction production chain through recycling.…”

Section: Global Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties of Concrete Using Recycled Aggregates Obtained from Old Paving Stones

et al. 2021

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Nowadays, construction, maintenance, reparation, rehabilitation, retrofitting, and demolition from infrastructure and buildings generate large amounts of urban waste, which usually are inadequately disposed due to high costs and technical limitations. On the other hand, the increasing demand for natural aggregates for concrete production seriously affects mountains and rivers as they are the source of these nonrenewable goods. Consequently, the recycling of aggregates for concrete is gaining attention worldwide as an alternative to reduce the environmental impacts caused by the extraction of nonrenewable goods and disposal of construction and demolition waste (C&DW). Therefore, this article describes the effect on the mechanical properties of new concrete using recycled aggregates obtained from old paving stones. Results show that replacing 50% by weight of the fine and coarse aggregate fractions in concrete with recycled aggregate does not meaningfully affect its mechanical behavior, making the use of recycled aggregates in new precast paving stones possible. Therefore, the latter can reduce environmental impacts and costs for developing infrastructure and building projects.

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Potentials for a circular economy of mineral construction materials and demolition waste in urban areas: a case study from Vienna

Cited by 81 publications

References 35 publications

Durability Assessment and Microstructure of High-Strength Performance Bricks Produced from PET Waste and Foundry Sand

Durability Assessment and Microstructure of High-Strength Performance Bricks Produced from PET Waste and Foundry Sand

Conceptualising the Circular Economy Potential of Construction and Demolition Waste: An Integrative Literature Review

Mechanical Properties of Concrete Using Recycled Aggregates Obtained from Old Paving Stones

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