Potentials of sandwich-like chitosan/polycaprolactone/gelatin scaffolds for guided tissue regeneration membrane

Tissue engineering (TE) and regenerative medicine integrate information and technology from various fields to restore/replace tissues and damaged organs for medical treatments. To achieve this, scaffolds act as delivery vectors or as cellular systems for drugs and cells; thereby, cellular material is able to colonize host cells sufficiently to meet up the requirements of regeneration and repair. This process is multi-stage and requires the development of various components to create the desired neo-tissue or organ. In several current TE strategies, biomaterials are essential components. While several polymers are established for their use as biomaterials, careful consideration of the cellular environment and interactions needed is required in selecting a polymer for a given application. Depending on this, scaffold materials can be of natural or synthetic origin, degradable or nondegradable. In this review, an overview of various natural and synthetic polymers and their possible composite scaffolds with their physicochemical properties including biocompatibility, biodegradability, morphology, mechanical strength, pore size, and porosity are discussed. The scaffolds fabrication techniques and a few commercially available biopolymers are also tabulated.

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“…Periodontal regeneration [195] PCL/PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) E-jet 3D printing • Jetting morphology.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Comparative Review of Natural and Synthetic Biopolymer Composite Scaffolds

et al. 2021

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“… [ 54 ] Fish collagen/bioactive glass/chitosan composite nanofibers N/A Initial material characteristics, antimicrobial activity assay, and in vivo periodontal healing evaluation 60 days The composite nanofibers had antibacterial effect on S. mutans ; improved periodontal healing in dog model [ 46 ] Chitosan/β-glycerol phosphate (β-GP) hydrogel TGF-β1, PDGF-BB, IGF-1 Initial material characteristics, release profile, and in vitro vitality assessment 2 weeks Constantly released TGF-β1, PDGF-BB, IGF-1; no direct observation for antimicrobial effect. [ 42 ] Injectable chitosan/β-glycerophosphate hydrogels BMP-7, ornidazole (ORN) Initial material characteristics, release profile, antimicrobial assay, and in vivo periodontal healing evaluation 21 days in vitro ; 8 weeks in vivo Constantly released BMP-7 and ORN; the hydrogels loaded with chitosan and ORN showed clearly antimicrobial effect against P. gingivalis ; improved periodontal regeneration in dog model [ 55 ] Mesoporous HA/chitosan scaffolds rhAmelogenin Initial material characteristics, release profile, antimicrobial assay, and in vivo periodontal healing evaluation 7 days in vivo ; 8 weeks in vivo HA/chitosan scaffold showed antibacterial activity against F.nucleatum and P. gingivalis ; enhanced formation of CM-like tissue in mouse model [ 56 ] Sandwich-like chitosan/polycaprolactone/gelatin scaffolds N/A Initial material characteristics, and in vivo subcutaneous implant to evaluate barrier effect 3 months in vitro , 4 weeks in vivo Favorable stability and degradation rate; no direct observation for antimicrobial effect; cell occlusive effect in rat model [ 57 ] ...…”

Section: Purpose Of Use Of Biomaterials Scaffolds For Periodontal Regementioning

confidence: 99%

The recent advances in scaffolds for integrated periodontal regeneration

Woo

Cho

Tarafder

et al. 2021

Bioactive Materials

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The periodontium is an integrated, functional unit of multiple tissues surrounding and supporting the tooth, including but not limited to cementum (CM), periodontal ligament (PDL) and alveolar bone (AB). Periodontal tissues can be destructed by chronic periodontal disease, which can lead to tooth loss. In support of the treatment for periodontally diseased tooth, various biomaterials have been applied starting as a contact inhibition membrane in the guided tissue regeneration (GTR) that is the current gold standard in dental clinic. Recently, various biomaterials have been prepared in a form of tissue engineering scaffold to facilitate the regeneration of damaged periodontal tissues. From a physical substrate to support healing of a single type of periodontal tissue to multi-phase/bioactive scaffold system to guide an integrated regeneration of periodontium, technologies for scaffold fabrication have emerged in last years. This review covers the recent advancements in development of scaffolds designed for periodontal tissue regeneration and their efficacy tested in vitro and in vivo . Pros and Cons of different biomaterials and design parameters implemented for periodontal tissue regeneration are also discussed, including future perspectives.

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“…PCL is a well-known biocompatible material used in several applications. 40,[61][62][63][64][65] In the same manner, hydroxyapatite is also biocompatible and possesses an additional quality: it is an osteoconductive biomaterial. [66][67][68] The MC3T3 viability test performed in this study confirmed the 11).…”

Section: Cell Viability Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mechanical properties of GTR are fundamental to perform their barrier function and sufficient sustained strength to avoid the membrane collapse. 5,39,40 Hassan and Sultana 41 prepared electrospun PCL 10% nanohydroxyapatite and observed a decrease in modulus and final tensile strength when compared to electrospun PCL, however the results are in the range required for use GTR commercial membranes. 5,42,43 HA dispersion in polymeric nanofibers is a challenge due to the low interaction between inorganic HA and organic polymers, to solve this problem some studies promote surface modification on HA 38,44,45 Keivani et al 38 prepared electrospun membranes with PCL grafted on the HA (PCL-g-HA) and compared with PCL/HA membranes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and biological compatibility of polycaprolactone/zinc-hydroxyapatite electrospun nanofibers for tissue regeneration

Pedrosa

Anjos

Mavropoulos

et al. 2021

Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers

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Although guided tissue regeneration (GTR) is a useful tool for regenerating lost tissue as bone and periodontal tissue, a biocompatible membrane capable of regenerating large defects has yet to be discovered. This study aimed to characterize the physicochemical properties and biological compatibility of polycaprolactone (PCL) membranes associated with or without nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) (PCL/HA) and Zn-doped HA (PCL/ZnHA), produced by electrospinning. PCL, PCL/HA, and PCL/ZnHA were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Nanoparticles of HA or ZnHA were homogeneously distributed and dispersed inside the PCL fibers, which decreased the fiber thickness. At 1 wt% of HA or ZnHA, these nanoparticles acted as nucleating agents. Moreover, HA and ZnHA increased the onset of the degradation temperature and thermal stability of the electrospun membrane. All tested membranes showed no cytotoxicity and allowed murine pre-osteoblast adhesion and spreading; however, higher concentrations of PCL/ZnHA showed less cells and an irregular cell morphology compared to PCL and PCL/HA. This article presents a cytocompatible, electrospun, nanocomposite membrane with a novel morphology and physicochemical properties that make it eligible as a scaffold for GTR.

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Potentials of sandwich-like chitosan/polycaprolactone/gelatin scaffolds for guided tissue regeneration membrane

Cited by 70 publications

References 57 publications

A Comparative Review of Natural and Synthetic Biopolymer Composite Scaffolds

A Comparative Review of Natural and Synthetic Biopolymer Composite Scaffolds

The recent advances in scaffolds for integrated periodontal regeneration

Structure and biological compatibility of polycaprolactone/zinc-hydroxyapatite electrospun nanofibers for tissue regeneration

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