Potentials of some plant-derived foods in the management of diabetes and associated complications

Abstract

Background and Objective: Diabetes is an insidious as well as a debilitating metabolic disease with variety of causes that could lead to severe complications in multiple organs within the body system. There has been no documented scientific evidence as regards total cure of this complex chronic disease; therefore, it demands a lifelong management. This has necessitated the recent evaluation of several plant derived foods as costeffective alternatives in the management of diabetes and its associated complication. Materials and Methods:This review is based on integration of information from multi-databases after a comprehensive literature search on the various plant derived foods that have been reported to have shown a certain degree of amelioration in the management of diabetes and diabetic complications. Result and Discussion: Published reports suggest that oxidative stress primarily mediated by uncontrolled hyperglycemia play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its associated complications. Therefore, various plant-derived foods are believed to delay, prevent or manage diabetes and its associated complications using different mechanisms which could be established through their potential to increase insulin sensitivity, free radicals scavenging abilities, hypolipidemic, hypoglycaemic, hypocholesterolemic, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities. Conclusion: Based on the evidence presented in this review, plant-derived foods possess bioactive constituents believed to be rich in antioxidants and proteins which may be responsible for their mode of actions; we propose that Cucuma longa (curcumin), Garcinia kola (kolaviron), Telfairia occidentalis and Parkia biglobosa be explored in the management of diabetes and its associated complications due to their outstanding beneficial effects.

Comparative study on proximate, functional, mineral, and antinutrient composition of fermented, defatted, and protein isolate of Parkia biglobosa seed

“…This pharmacological and nutritional benefit of P. biglobosa has been associated with its physicochemical properties, which is perceived to act independently or in synergy; to play a pivotal role in the maintenance of normoglycemia by activating diverse protective mechanisms (Fred‐Jaiyesimi and Abo ; Ogunyinka et al. ).…”

Comparative study on proximate, functional, mineral and anti-nutrient composition of fermented, defatted and protein isolate of Parkia biglobosa seed

“…Dietary proteins plays an important role in natural synthesis and maintenance of body tissues, enzymes, and hormones as well as other substances required for healthy functioning (Hayat et al 2014). Bioactive extracts isolated from medicinal plants are believed to delay, prevent, or manage metabolic diseases especially diabetes and its related complications using diverse mechanisms which could be established through their potential to increase insulin sensitivity, free radical scavenging abilities, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, hypocholesterolemic, antioxidative, antiinflammatory, and inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities (Ogunyinka et al 2015). The present work is one of the series of studies trying to elucidate the mechanism of action by which protein isolate from P. biglobosa could delay or attenuate oxidative stress, while concurrently improves various tissues and organ functions affected by free radical damage in different metabolic diseases.…”

“…The fermented seeds of P. biglobosa are believed to possess nutritional and medicinal values; hence, they are used extensively as household spice in the preparation of various delicious foods (Ajaiyeoba 2002;Ogunyinka et al 2015). P. biglobosa belongs to the family Leguminosae and subfamily Mimosoideae.…”

“…Consequently, considerable interest has been directed toward exploring P. biglobosa in the prevention, treatment, and management of a number of metabolic diseases among which is diabetes mellitus. This pharmacological and nutritional benefit of P. biglobosa has been associated with its physicochemical properties, which is perceived to act independently or in synergy; to play a pivotal role in the maintenance of normoglycemia by activating diverse protective mechanisms (Fred-Jaiyesimi and Abo 2009; Ogunyinka et al 2015).…”

<i>Tetracarpidium conophorum</i> (African walnut) Hutch. & Dalziel: Ethnomedicinal uses and its therapeutic activities

“…Similar alterations in the serum lipid of the animals suggested cardiovascular risk and that it was not completely safe for consumption. Onwuli, Bown and Ozoani (2014) and Ogunyinka et al (2015) reported that the nuts have the potential to reduce hyperglycaemia; the authors also reported that the nuts increased the haemoglobin level and decreased urine output in the test group when compared with controls and could prevent diabetes associated with renal damage.…”