Potentials of Varied Inflammatory Indices in the Prediction of COVID-19 Severity Among Nigerians

Lawson, Stephenson; Amadi, Collins

doi:10.11648/j.ab.20221001.13

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Data also indicate that the hepatocellular-specific pattern of liver pathologies occurs early during SARS-CoV-2 infection which transitions to the cholestatic-specific pattern with worsening severity of the infection [25]. As previously documented, worsening COVID-19 severity is associated with marked hyper-inflammatory responses [12]- [15]. This may also explain the correlation documented between inflammatory markers and those of cholestatic-specific markers in the current study.…”

Section: Pathomechanismssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…The mechanism underlying the COVID-19-induced hepatobiliary pathologies is conflicting in the literature, though several investigators have suggested the involvement of the hyper-inflammatory response [6]- [11]. Hyperinflammatory response is a cardinal feature of disease [12]- [15]. However, a large number of the previous studies on this subject have been documented among western populations while including patients with various pre-existing comorbid conditions and those on various medications/toxicants known to have negative influence on normal hepatobiliary functions [6]- [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patterns of Hepatobiliary Pathologies and Their Relationship with Markers of Inflammation in COVID-19 Patients

Amadi

Lawson²,

Nyeche³

et al. 2023

CLINICMED

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Background: Altered hepatobiliary status has been reported in association with COVID-19 which has been linked, with limited evidence, to the exaggerated COVID-19-induced hyper-inflammatory response. Hence, the current study evaluated hepatocellular status and its association with indicators of inflammation among COVID-19 patients. Methods: This study was conducted among the RT-PCR-confirmed and treatment-naïve COVID-19 patients in Port Harcourt, South-south Nigeria. Pre-medical/surgical data were retrieved retrospectively from archived patients’ case notes, medical review charts, nurses’ vital signs/medication sheets, and laboratory records at the center using validated data acquisition templates. All retrieved data were analyzed using standard protocols. Results: Among the 396 studied, 16.7% (n=66) had hepatobiliary pathologies. The majority of those with hepatobiliary pathologies had severe COVID-19 (93.3%). Patients with severe COVID-19 and concurrent hepatobiliary pathologies were mostly males and of older age. Cholestatic-specific pathology was the most common pattern observed among the general cases with hepatobiliary pathologies and among those having specific mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19. Among those with severe COVID-19, significant positive relationships were observed between markers of inflammation (Proclacitonin/C-reactive protein/D-dimer) and cholestatic-specific hepatobiliary markers (ALP/G-GT/TBil/CBil) (p<0.05), but not with the hepatocellular-specific markers (ALT/AST) (p>0.05). In contrast, no significant relationship existed between the relevant markers of inflammation and all the cholestatic/hepatocellular markers among those with mild and moderate COVID-19 (p>0.05). Conclusion: Hepatobiliary pathologies, mostly of cholestatic patterns, are frequent among the studied COVID-19 patients which were associated with inflammatory markers among those with severe disease. Therefore, hepatobiliary evaluation should be prioritized, especially among those with severe COVID-19.

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Section: Pathomechanismssupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Hepatobiliary Pathologies and Their Relationship with Markers of Inflammation in COVID-19 Patients

Amadi

Lawson²,

Nyeche³

et al. 2023

CLINICMED

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Additionally, various studies have been documented on the hyper-inflammatory responses to COVID-19 [20]- [23]. Consequently, COVID-19-induced dyslipidemia has been implicated in the tendency to develop hyper-inflammatory responses among patients with the disease.…”

Section: B Relationship With Existing Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19-induced Dyslipidemia and Disease Severity: Perspectives from Southern Nigeria

et al. 2023

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Background: The relationship between dyslipidemia and the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has extensively been characterized in the Western population with a dearth of data among Nigerians. Hence, the current study evaluated the lipid/lipoprotein disorders inherent in COVID-19 and its relationship with disease severity among Nigerians. Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted among 600 patients with RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 at the Eleme COVID-19 treatment facility in Port Harcourt, Southern Nigeria. Data were obtained from medical records using validated acquisition templates and analyzed based on lipid/lipoprotein abnormalities and disease severity status. Results: Among those studied, 54.7% had dyslipidemia while others were normolipidemic. HDL-C dyslipidemia was the most common with a preponderance of hypoalphalipoproteinemia (84.4%). Dyslipidemia afflicted mostly middle-aged, males, urban dwellers, the overweight, and those with classic COVID-19-induced respiratory symptoms. Dyslipidemic cohorts had higher pro-calcitonin, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, total white cell count, and neutrophils, but lower albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet counts compared to the normolipidemic cohorts. Dyslipidemic cohorts with concurrent severe COVID-19 had lower levels of TChol, Tg, HDL-C, and LDL-C levels compared to patients with the less-severe disease. HDL-C was the only lipid/lipoprotein parameter that was associated with severe COVID-19 on crude (OR:8.65; CI:5.96-11.44; p<0.001) and adjusted (OR:8.11; CI:5.65-10.87; p<0.001) regression models compared to other lipid/lipoprotein indices. At 96.77% sensitivity and 89.20% specificity, HDL-C had robust predictive potentials (AUC:0.97; CI:0.84-1.00; p<0.001) over COVID-19 severity. Conclusion: Dyslipidemia is frequent among those presenting with COVID-19 in association with disease severity, especially among the HDL-C dyslipidemic cohorts. Hence, these findings should be factored in during COVID-19 treatment among Nigerians with the disease.

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“…SARS-CoV-2 can infect and damage various tissues in the body, including the oesophageal epithelial cells, type II alveolar cells, renal proximal tubule cells, and myocardial cells. [ 2 ] Those tissues contain angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptors, which make them vulnerable to infection. As a result, serologic indicators of inflammation, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), D-dimer, ferritin, and procalcitonin, have been increased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of comorbidities and inflammatory markers on mortality of COVID-19 patients

Karim,

Shameem,

Talwar

et al. 2024

Lung India

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Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a serious global health concern. The severity of the disease can be determined by serologic indicators such as C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, D-dimer, ferritin, and interleukin-6. (IL-6). Patients with preexisting conditions such as respiratory, cardiovascular, and pulmonary disease could be at risk of adverse outcomes. It is crucial to provide adequate medical care to manage these patients and increase their chances of survival. Aim: The study examined the impact of comorbidity and inflammatory markers on the severity and mortality of hospitalised COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 101 COVID-19 patients who had comorbidities and were hospitalised from April 2021 to April 2022. Results: Patients with a severe COVID-19 infection could be anticipated to have higher levels of inflammatory markers in their blood. Patients with chronic kidney and coronary artery disease have a worse prognosis than those with other comorbidities (P value <0.001). However, tuberculosis had no statistically significant effect on mortality and showed a minimal chance of death (P value = 0.303). In addition, tocilizumab performed poorly and was ineffective against the COVID-19 treatment. However, ivermectin exhibited a statistically significant probability of survival in COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: The inflammatory markers D-dimer, ferritin, and IL-6 were identified as valuable indicators of disease severity. Further, chronic kidney disease and coronary artery disease were identified as risk factors for mortality, while tuberculosis showed potential protective effects. The study showed that higher neutrophil levels were linked to mortality in tocilizumab-treated patients, while ivermectin showed promise in increasing survival rates.

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Potentials of Varied Inflammatory Indices in the Prediction of COVID-19 Severity Among Nigerians

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Patterns of Hepatobiliary Pathologies and Their Relationship with Markers of Inflammation in COVID-19 Patients

Patterns of Hepatobiliary Pathologies and Their Relationship with Markers of Inflammation in COVID-19 Patients

COVID-19-induced Dyslipidemia and Disease Severity: Perspectives from Southern Nigeria

Impact of comorbidities and inflammatory markers on mortality of COVID-19 patients

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