Potentiation of Monoamine-Oxidase Inhibitors by Tryptophan

Pare, C. M. B.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(63)90271-x

Cited by 162 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The former agents might lead to increased blood glucose which would tend to decrease free fatty acids (Dole, 1966) and hence produce a fall in plasma free tryptophan (Lipsett, Madras, Wurtman & Munro, 1973); the latter contain caffeine which increases free fatty acids (Bellet, Kershbaum & Finck, 1968) and therefore might increase the proportion of tryptophan which is unbound: both were therefore unacceptable in our study. Nausea has been reported in other studies (Pare, 1963;Alexander et al, 1963;Carroll, 1970) and together with our findings emphasizes the need for a more palatable formulation should the substance be given therapeutically (Wyatt et al, 1970;Brezinova et al, 1972). Headache was the only symptom to be significantly affected by tryptophan, although the increase in headache was slight.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The changes in the mood self ratings were in the direction expected from the infusion study and from other reports of drowsiness after tryptophan administration (Pare, 1963;Coppen et al, 1963;Griffiths, Lester, Coulter & Williams, 1972), but no subject fell asleep nor were the ratings so high as to indicate any great desire to sleep. Hartman (1967) found that two of his eight subjects fell asleep within 20 min of an oral dose of tryptophan (6 g).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…The main findings are an increase in drowsiness (Alexander, Curtis, Sprince & Crosley, 1963;Pare, 1963;Coppen, Shaw & Farrell, 1963) amounting to a hypnotic effect (Hartman, 1967;Wyatt, Engelmann, Kupfer, Fram, Sjoerdsma & Snyder, 1970;Griffiths, Lester, Coulter & Williams, 1972), such that claims have been made that tryptophan is a 'natural sedative' (Wyatt et al, 1970). However, its soporific effect is not sufficient to make it a practical substitute for patients habituated to conventional hypnotics (Brezinova, Loudon & Oswald, 1972).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The acute effects of oral (‐)‐tryptophan in human subjects.

Greenwood¹,

Lader²,

Kantameneni³

et al. 1975

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1 The psychotropic effects of a single oral dose of (‐)‐tryptophan (5 g) in human volunteers were investigated using a series of physiological and psychological tests. 2 Self‐ratings of mood showed increase in drowsiness but no euphoria was detected. 3 Severe initial nausea occurred and headache increased; other bodily symptoms were unaffected. 4 Trptophan caused increased activity in the slow wavebands of the EEG but did not alter the other physiological measures. 5 The levels of total and free tryptophan in the plasma increased 8 and 20 fold respectively to peak levels 2 h after ingestion.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The acute effects of oral (‐)‐tryptophan in human subjects.

Greenwood¹,

Lader²,

Kantameneni³

et al. 1975

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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“…Finally, there were lower concentrations of 5-HIAA in bodily fluids of depressed patients than in those of healthy controls. 94 Overall, this evidence pointed researchers in the early 1970s to target 5-HT reuptake as a novel therapeutic approach to treat depression.…”

Section: ■ History and Importance In Neurosciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Fluoxetine (Prozac)

Wenthur

Bennett

Lindsley

2013

ACS Chem. Neurosci.

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Fluoxetine (Prozac) was the first major breakthrough for the treatment of depression since the introduction of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) nearly 30 years earlier. It was the first selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration, offering superior efficacy and reduced side effects relative to TCAs and MAOIs. Though a debate remains regarding the exact mechanism by which the clinical efficacy of fluoxetine is manifested, the importance of fluoxetine and related SSRIs to the field is unquestionable. The trade name Prozac has permeated popular culture, helping to raise awareness of depression and to diminish the prevalence of long-standing stigmas associated with this illness. In this Review, we will showcase the history and importance of fluoxetine to neuroscience in general, as well as for the treatment of depression, and review the synthesis, pharmacology, drug metabolism, and adverse effects of fluoxetine.

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“…As reserpine administration causes depression by serotonin depletion, it is logical to administer tryptophan, the precursor of serotonin to alleviate depres sion. Combined administration of tranylcypromine 30 mg and tryptophan 7-15 gm daily (Coppen et al, 1963,1972,Paré, 1963Stancer et al, 1969), was reported to produce clinical improvement in depressed patients in 2-3 days. In fact, Coppen et al (1967) claimed it to be as effective as electroconvulsive therapy.…”

Section: Combined Administration Of Tryptophan and Antidepressantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Intractable Depression

Ananth¹,

Ruskin²

1974

Int Pharmacopsychiatry

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Depression is a frequently encountered psychiatric disorder. Current methods of treatment of these syndromes range from psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, electroconvulsive therapy and in severe refractory cases, lobotomy. Despite the usefulness of all these methods, 10-28 % of the depressed patients remain refractory to treatment (Bratfos and Haug, 1968; Greenblatt et al, 1964; Smith et al, 1969). As suicide is a relatively high risk in depressed patients, refractory patients may run even higher risk. Hence, various workers have attempted to enhance the antidepressant effects of medications by different techniques. As the basis of all these techniques remain hypothetical at this time, the conclusive evidence of the effectiveness of these methods can come from the clinical application of these techniques by the physicians in treating their intractable, depressed patients.

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Potentiation of Monoamine-Oxidase Inhibitors by Tryptophan

Cited by 162 publications

References 6 publications

The acute effects of oral (‐)‐tryptophan in human subjects.

The acute effects of oral (‐)‐tryptophan in human subjects.

Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Fluoxetine (Prozac)

Treatment of Intractable Depression

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