Potentiometric surface of the Floridan aquifer in the Northwest Florida Water Management District, May 1980

Rosenau, J.C.; Milner, Riley

doi:10.3133/ofr81205

Cited by 4 publications

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“…The variability of depositional environments when the limestones were formed has also produced low-permeability units that are areally extensive for example, in the Gadsden County area of northern Florida. In this area, transmissivities are less than 1,000 ft2/d and vertical head gradients as large as 40 ft are maintained by low-permeability limestones in the Upper Floridan (Rosenau and Milner, 1981). Extending in a northeasterly direction from Gadsden County toward Candler County, Ga., is a series of grabens which markedly affect the transmissivity of the aquifer system.…”

Section: Hydrologymentioning

confidence: 91%

Geochemistry of the Floridan aquifer system in Florida and in parts of Georgia, South Carolina, and Alabama

Sprinkle¹

1989

Professional Paper

150

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The Regional Aquifer-System Analysis (RASA) Program was started in 1978 following a congressional mandate to develop quantitative appraisals of the major groundwater systems of the United States. The RASA Program represents a systematic effort to study a number of the Nation's most important aquifer systems, which in aggregate underlie much of the country and which represent an important component of the Nation's total water supply. In general, the boundaries of these studies are identified by the hydrologic extent of each system and accordingly transcend the political subdivisions to which investigations have often arbitrarily been limited in the past. The broad objective for each study is to assemble geologic, hydrologic, and geochemical information, to analyze and develop an understanding of the system, and to develop predictive capabilities that will contribute to the effective management of the system. The use of computer simulation is an important element of the RASA studies, both to develop an understanding of the natural, undisturbed hydrologic system and the changes brought about in it by human activities, and to provide a means of predicting the regional effects of future pumping or other stresses. The final interpretive results of the RASA Program are presented in a series of U.S. Geological Survey Professional Papers that describe the geology, hydrology, and geochemistry of each regional aquifer system. Each study within the RASA Program is assigned a single Professional Paper number, and where the volume of interpretive material warrants, separate topical chapters that consider the principal elements of the investigation may be published. The series of RASA interpretive reports begins with Professional Paper 1400 and thereafter will continue in numerical sequence as the interpretive products of subsequent studies become available.

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Section: Hydrologymentioning

confidence: 91%

Geochemistry of the Floridan aquifer system in Florida and in parts of Georgia, South Carolina, and Alabama

Sprinkle¹

1989

Professional Paper

150

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“…The Floridan in the spray-field area is about 1,600 feet thick, based on Miller (1982c), and it thickens to the south to about 2,300 feet along the Gulf Coast of Wakulla County. 11) is shown by Rosenau and Milner (1981). The flow of ground water is approximately at right angles to the contours from the potentiometric surface highs in north Florida and south Georgia toward the Apalachee Bay.…”

Section: Floridan Aquifer Systemmentioning

confidence: 91%

Wastewater application by spray irrigation on a field southeast of Tallahassee, Florida: Effects on ground-water quality and quantity, 1980-82

Elder¹,

Hunn²,

Calhoun³

1985

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1009 ____ . _____ ____ ___ _. . ____ ___________________________ 97 J_ .7 O ^ ___________________________ __ 4* *J 1 UP! 1 JL VT W .^ .1.2. Data-collection frequency range and analytical procedures for chemical constituents 14 IVTemperature units are converted from degrees Fahrenheit (°F) to degrees Celsius (°C) by the formula °C = 5/9 (°F -32); from degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit by the formula °F = 9/5 (°C + 32). ABSTRACTAn 1,840-acre agricultural field southeast of Tallahassee, Florida, which has been used for land application of wastewater by spray irrigation, is the site of a long-term, ground-water monitoring study. The purpose of the study is to determine effects of wastewater application on water-table elevations and ground-water quality. The study was conducted in cooperation with the City of Tallahassee. This report summarizes the findings for the period 1980-82.Wastewater used for spray irrigation has high concentrations, relative to those in ground water, of chloride, nitrogen, phosphorus, organic carbon, coliform bacteria, sodium, and potassium. At most locations, percolation through the soil has been quite effective in attenuation of these substances before they can impact the ground water. However, increases in chloride and nitrate-nitrogen were evident in ground water in some of the monitoring wells during the study, especially those wells which are within the sprayed areas. Chloride concentrations, for example, increased from approximately 3 milligrams per liter to 15 to 20 milligrams per liter in some wells and nitratenitrogen concentrations increased from less than 0.5 milligrams per liter to 4 milligrams per liter or more.Ground-water levels in the area of the spray field fluctuated over a range of several feet. These fluctuations were affected somewhat by spray irrigation, but the primary control on water levels was rainfall.As of December 1982, constituents introduced to the system by spray irrigation of effluent had not exceeded drinking water standards in the ground water. The system has not yet stabilized, however, and more changes in ground-water quality may be expected.

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“…A potentiometric surface high (fig. 17) in extreme northern Walton County (Rosenau and Milner, 1981) indicates that this and perhaps adjacent areas in southern Alabama are the primary recharge areas of the Floridan aquifer for Okaloosa and Walton Counties. Water within the Floridan aquifer moves from these hydraulically upgradient areas southward into southern Okaloosa and southern Walton Counties across the northern boundary of the study area.…”

Section: Recharge Amd Movement Of Ground Watermentioning

confidence: 96%

Hydrology of the southern parts of Okaloosa and Walton Counties, northwest Florida, with special emphasis on the upper limestone of the Floridan aquifer

BARR¹,

Hayes²,

Kwader³

1985

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Increasing population, tourism, and commercial development in the southern parts of Okaloosa and Walton Counties in northwestern Florida have resulted in increased withdrawals of water from, and regional declines in the potentiometric surface of the upper limestone of the Floridan aquifer. Water levels have declined as much as 160 feet since 1940 in southern Okaloosa County, and during peak seasonal demand, as much as 190 feet.The shallow sand-and-gravel aquifer may be artesian or unconfined, having direct contact with streams and with waters of the Gulf of Mexico. Use of the aquifer for public water supply is minimal. The lower limestone of the Floridan aquifer is not utilized as a water source.The Pensacola Clay confining bed, overlying the Floridan aquifer, is present throughout the southern parts of Okaloosa and Walton Counties. The materials making up this unit inhibit vertical interchange of water between the Floridan aquifer and the surficial sand-and-gravel aquifer. The Floridan aquifer is underlain by the thick, relatively impermeable deposits of the Lisbon-Tallahatta confining unit. The Bucatunna clay confining bed occurs within the Floridan aquifer, separating it into upper and lower limestone units.The Floridan aquifer underlies southern Okaloosa County from 50 feet above to 600 feet below sea level. The aquifer is recharged by infiltration of rainfall, principally in the northern parts of Okaloosa and Walton Counties and in its outcrop area in Alabama. The regional gradient of the potentiometric surface of the upper limestone of the Floridan aquifer, and presumably that of the lower limestone also, is south to the Gulf of Mexico. Pumpage from the aquifer is highly variable and ranged in 1978, for example, from 10.9 to 19.0 million gallons per day in January and June, respectively. Quality of water in the sand-and-gravel aquifer is generally good although coastal areas may have undesirable levels of chlorides, iron, or pH. Chloride concentration in the upper limestone of the Floridan aquifer generally ranges from less than 10 milligrams per liter in the inland areas of Okaloosa County to nearly 150 milligrams per liter along the coast and greater than 150 milligrams per liter, locally, in the southern part of Walton County. The lower limestone of the Floridan aquifer contains water exceeding 250 milligrams per liter chloride from the coast to as much as 10 miles north of Fort Walton Beach.

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Potentiometric surface of the Floridan aquifer in the Northwest Florida Water Management District, May 1980

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Geochemistry of the Floridan aquifer system in Florida and in parts of Georgia, South Carolina, and Alabama

Geochemistry of the Floridan aquifer system in Florida and in parts of Georgia, South Carolina, and Alabama

Wastewater application by spray irrigation on a field southeast of Tallahassee, Florida: Effects on ground-water quality and quantity, 1980-82

Hydrology of the southern parts of Okaloosa and Walton Counties, northwest Florida, with special emphasis on the upper limestone of the Floridan aquifer

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