Potentiometric surfaces of the upper and lower aquifers, north coast limestone aquifer system, Puerto Rico

Renken, Robert A.; Gómez-Gómez, Fernando

doi:10.3133/ofr93499

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…1 and 2), compared to conditions in 1987 (Renken and Gómez-Gómez, 1994), were in the lower aquifer. Two large cones of depression are evident in the lower aquifer: one within the unconfined part of the aquifer north of the town of Florida, and, another within the confined part southwest of the town of Barceloneta.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two large cones of depression are evident in the lower aquifer: one within the unconfined part of the aquifer north of the town of Florida, and, another within the confined part southwest of the town of Barceloneta. Compared to conditions in 1987 (Renken and Gómez-Gómez, 1994), ground-water levels in the cones of depression near Florida and Barceloneta indicated drawdowns of about 150 feet and 82 feet, respectively. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potentiometric surface of the upper and lower aquifers of the North Coast Limestone aquifer system and hydrologic conditions in the Arecibo-Manatí area, Puerto Rico, November 27-December 1, 2006

Rodríguez¹,

Gómez-Gómez²

2008

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentiometric surface of the upper and lower aquifers of the North Coast Limestone aquifer system and hydrologic conditions in the Arecibo-Manatí area, Puerto Rico, November 27-December 1, 2006

Rodríguez¹,

Gómez-Gómez²

2008

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“…The cone of depression was centered at a public watersupply well field consisting of six wells with a total o ground-water withdrawal rate of about 0.13 m /s ( fig. 11) (Renken and Gomez-Gomez, 1994). However, by 1995 the cone of depression had practically gone away ( fig.…”

Section: Hydrogeologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 94%

Assessment of nitrate contamination of the upper aquifer in the Manati-Vega Baja area, Puerto Rico

Conde-Costas¹,

Gómez-Gómez²

1999

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“…As a result, the 8D at the uppermost parts of the NC-8 well can be interpreted as resulting from the mixing of water from the lower aquifer, that has 8D values usually -4.00 %c and higher, with water of the upper aquifer with 8D between -7.50 %o and -8.50 %c as expected from the regional SD characterization. The hydrologic and lithologic data available indicate that in the Vega Alta area the head gradient is toward the upper aquifer and the confining unit is leaky (Renken and Gomez-Gomez, 1995). Consequently, this will favor upward movement of water enriched in deuterium from the lower aquifer to the upper aquifer.…”

Section: Comparison Of Springflow With Regional Ground-water Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of springflow in the north coast limestone of Puerto Rico using physical, chemical, and stable isotopic methods

Rodrı́guez-Martı́nez¹

1997

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The carbonate sequence of middle Tertiary age of the north coast of Puerto Rico is characterized by the presence of numerous springs in the coastal areas. In order to advance the understanding of the hydrologic role of the springs in the north coast limestone aquifer system of Puerto Rico, a 4-year study was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Puerto Rico Aqueduct and Sewer Authority. As part of this study, data were collected on the chemical, physical, bacteriological, oxygen-18, and deuterium composition of water from springs in the Dorado to Rincon area, in northwestern Puerto Rico. A group of springs in the Dorado to Arecibo area was selected for more detailed monitoring. Oxygen-18 and deuterium composition was also determined for water wells and monthly rainfall composites at a series of sites in the study area. Springs are associated with all the carbonate units of the middle Tertiary sequence of the northern karst belt of Puerto Rico, except the Camuy and San Sebastian Formations. These springs mostly drain the unconfined parts of the upper and lower aquifers in the north coast limestone aquifer system. There are no first and second order springs in the north coast limestone and of those present fifth and sixth order springs are the most numerous type. Springflow at the springs measured during the study ranged from less than 0.1 to 61 cubic feet per second. Springs in the north coast limestone can also be classified by their response to rainfall. There is little or no short-term response to rainfall at springs such as Ojo de Agua in Vega Baja, Mameyes in Manati, and Mackovic in Vega Alta. These springs are known as diffuse-type springs. Other springs such as Maguayo in Dorado, Ojo de Guillo in Manati, and San Pedro in Arecibo exhibit a strong short-term response to rainfall and are known as conduit-type springs. Spring water temperature, during the study, ranged from 22.5 to 28 °C and resembled air temperature. Specific conductance ranged from 289 to about 4,000 microsiemens per centimeter, and pH ranged from 6.9 to 7.8. Calcium, sodium, bicarbonate, and chloride are the main ionic species in water from the springs sampled during the study. The main water type is calcium-bicarbonate and secondary water types are calcium-bicarbonate-chloride and sodium-bicarbonate-chloride. A seasonal and short-term transient relation exists, particularly in conduit-type springs, between springflow, physical properties, and water quality. Temporal and spatial variations in the oxygen-18 and deuterium composition of modern precipitation are significantly larger than those of springs and ground water in the study area. Regional flow in the upper aquifer appears to attenuate or average the variations in isotopic composition of rainfall. There is, however, a regional gradient in the deuterium composition of water from the upper aquifer in the north coast limestone, with isotopically heavier water occurring further north. It was possible to determine the source of water contributing to springs at some...

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Potentiometric surfaces of the upper and lower aquifers, north coast limestone aquifer system, Puerto Rico

Abstract: Introduction 2 Salient features of the North Coast limestone aquifer system 5 Potentiometric surface and regional groundwater flow patterns 10 Upper aquifer 10 Lower aquifer 12 Summary 14 References 15 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

Potentiometric surface of the upper and lower aquifers of the North Coast Limestone aquifer system and hydrologic conditions in the Arecibo-Manatí area, Puerto Rico, November 27-December 1, 2006

Potentiometric surface of the upper and lower aquifers of the North Coast Limestone aquifer system and hydrologic conditions in the Arecibo-Manatí area, Puerto Rico, November 27-December 1, 2006

Assessment of nitrate contamination of the upper aquifer in the Manati-Vega Baja area, Puerto Rico

Characterization of springflow in the north coast limestone of Puerto Rico using physical, chemical, and stable isotopic methods

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