Poultry and Avian Diseases

Hernández, A.J. Chaves

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-52512-3.00183-2

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…64 Aer COVID-19, sampling occurred in the spring, the control measures gradually decreased, and normal campus life gradually recovered in that year, resulting in a gradual increase in the proportion of Micrococcaceae. Meanwhile, this species is an opportunistic pathogen, of which Staphylococcus is a common pathogen in the family Micrococcaceae 65 and Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic human pathogen that can cause a variety of diseases ranging from local abscesses to life-threatening diseases such as sepsis, endocarditis, and necrotizing pneumonia. [66][67][68] In conjunction with the PCA results in Fig.…”

Section: Discussion Of Microbial Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disruption and recovery of outdoor bioaerosols before, during, and after the COVID-19 outbreak at a campus in Central China: pathogen composition, particle size distribution, influencing factors, and exposure risk

Wang,

Zhu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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Section: Discussion Of Microbial Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disruption and recovery of outdoor bioaerosols before, during, and after the COVID-19 outbreak at a campus in Central China: pathogen composition, particle size distribution, influencing factors, and exposure risk

Wang,

Zhu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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“…We also observed ( Figure 6 and Figure 8 ) reduced Clostridium sensu stricto 1 abundance in the ileum and ileum mucosa, with LefSe analysis associating this genus with the unsupplemented control. C. perfringens , the causative agent of necrotic enteritis, belongs to this group of Clostridia [ 54 ]. Pathogenic Clostridia like C. difficile and C. botulinum cause muscle degeneration, paralysis, and even death [ 55 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision Glycan Supplementation Improves Gut Microbiota Diversity, Performance, and Disease Outbreak Resistance in Broiler Chickens

Lobo,

Bajagai,

Kayal

et al. 2023

Animals

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The poultry industry contributes significantly to the global meat industry but faces many production challenges like high-density housing, welfare issues, and pathogenic infections. While antibiotics have commonly been used to treat many of these issues, they are being removed from poultry production globally due to increased microbial resistance. Precision glycans offer a viable alternative to antibiotics by modulating microbial metabolic pathways. In this study, we investigated the effects of precision glycan supplementation on productivity and gut microbiota in broilers. The experiment was conducted in a commercial setting using 32,400 male Ross chickens randomly divided into three sheds with 10,800 birds each. One shed with 12 pen replicates of 900 birds was used as control, while the other two with an equal number of replicates and birds were assigned to precision glycan supplementation. The treatment significantly improved the average daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio, with a significant modification in the abundance of several bacterial taxa in the caecum, ileum, and ileum mucosa microbial communities. There was increased richness and diversity in the caecum, with a reduction in Proteobacteria and an increase in Firmicutes. Richness remained unchanged in the ileum, with an increase in diversity and reduction in pathogenic genera like Clostridium and Escherichia-Shigella. Ileum mucosa showed a lower abundance of mucin degraders and an increased presence of next-generation probiotics. Supplemented birds showed a high level of disease resistance when the farm experienced an outbreak of infectious bronchitis, evidenced by lower mortality. Histological analysis confirmed improvements in the ileum and liver health, where the precision glycan supplementation reduced the area of congested sinusoids compared to the control group in the liver and significantly improved ileum intestinal morphology by increasing crypt depth and surface area. These results collectively suggest that precision glycans offer substantial benefits in poultry production by improving productivity, gut health, and disease resistance.

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“…A mechanism of action of phytobi-otics has been proposed and consists of the inhibition of bacterial communication (Quorum sensing), which may be a feasible alternative to control bacteria resistant to antibiotics [9], including some strains of Salmonella. Salmonella, the causing salmonellosis in poultry, comprises two species (S. enterica and S. bongori) and six subspecies classified, at the same time, in serovars, being two of the most important Salmonella Pullorum and Salmonella Gallinarum [52]. Although chickens are considered as chronic carriers of Salmonella, causing both direct and indirect losses (including morbidity, mortality, reduction of growth rate, drop in egg laying, and poor egg quality, among others) [53], its control is essential to avoid as much as possible its negative effects on the poultry industry.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allium-Based Phytobiotic for Laying Hens’ Supplementation: Effects on Productivity, Egg Quality, and Fecal Microbiota

et al. 2022

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The poultry industry is constantly demanding novel strategies to improve the productivity and health status of hens, prioritizing those based on the holistic use of natural resources. This study aimed to assess the effects of an Allium-based phytobiotic on productivity, egg quality, and fecal microbiota of laying hens. One hundred and ninety-two 14-week-old Lohmann Lite LSL hens were allocated into an experimental farm, fed with a commercial concentrate with and without the Allium-based phytobiotic, and challenged against Salmonella. Productivity, egg quality, and fecal microbiota were monitored for 20 weeks. Results showed that the phytobiotic caused an increase on the number of eggs laid (p < 0.05) and in the feed conversion rate (p < 0.05); meanwhile, egg quality, expressed as egg weight, albumin height, haugh units, egg shell strength, and egg shell thickness remained unchanged (p > 0.05), although yolk color was decreased. Fecal microbiota structure was also modified, indicating a modulation of the gut microbiota by increasing the presence of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes but reducing Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria phyla. Predicted changes in the functional profiles of fecal microbiota suggest alterations in metabolic activities that could be responsible for the improvement and maintenance of productivity and egg quality when the phytobiotic was supplemented; thus, Allium-based phytobiotic has a major impact on the performance of laying hens associated with a possible gut microbiota modulation.

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Poultry and Avian Diseases

Cited by 21 publications

References 59 publications

Disruption and recovery of outdoor bioaerosols before, during, and after the COVID-19 outbreak at a campus in Central China: pathogen composition, particle size distribution, influencing factors, and exposure risk

Disruption and recovery of outdoor bioaerosols before, during, and after the COVID-19 outbreak at a campus in Central China: pathogen composition, particle size distribution, influencing factors, and exposure risk

Precision Glycan Supplementation Improves Gut Microbiota Diversity, Performance, and Disease Outbreak Resistance in Broiler Chickens

Allium-Based Phytobiotic for Laying Hens’ Supplementation: Effects on Productivity, Egg Quality, and Fecal Microbiota

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