Poverty concentration in an affluent city: Geographic variation and correlates of neighborhood poverty rates in Hong Kong

Guo, Yingqi; Chang, Shu‐Sen; Sha, Feng; Yip, Paul

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0190566

Cited by 24 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The “central‐high pattern” in the West mainly results from the spatial distribution of deprivation. In Hong Kong, higher suicide clusters were mainly found in the New Territories where the population density was low . This pattern is consistent with the findings in China, Japan, and Taiwan where the higher rates of elderly suicide were found to be higher in the rural areas .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

The geography of suicide in older adults in Hong Kong: An ecological study

Guo

Chau

Chang

et al. 2019

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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Objectives:The geography of suicide has been widely explored among the general population. However, little is known of the geographic variations in suicides among the older adults and their spatial correlates. This study aims to explore the spatial variations in the elderly suicide rates and their correlates in Hong Kong.Methods: Bayesian hierarchical models have been used to estimate smoothed standardized mortality ratios (2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015) on suicide in people aged 65 years or older in each geographic unit in Hong Kong. Their associations with the Social Vulnerability Index and the accessibility of eight types of services (ie, recreational services, rehabilitation services, food services, daily necessity services, community services, and transportation services) were further analyzed. Results:The results suggested that compared with the simple "inner-city high suicide rate and suburban low" pattern in the Western studies and the "central low suicide rate and peripheral high" pattern in the Asian studies, the spatial variations of elderly suicides in Hong Kong exhibit a much more complicated pattern. In Hong Kong, higher elderly suicide clusters were found in both the lower-density areas located in the New Territories and in some inner-city areas. The spatial variations of suicide in the older adults cannot be explained by the Social Vulnerability Index.Instead, service provision such as recreational services, daily necessity resources, and community centers played a more significant role in affecting suicides in the older adults.Conclusions: Strengthening public services, providing more public spaces and activities, and making good use of the community resources might be key and efficient strategies in elderly suicide prevention in Hong Kong.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

The geography of suicide in older adults in Hong Kong: An ecological study

Guo

Chau

Chang

et al. 2019

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

Self Cite

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“…Similar studies in Malaysia showed clearly that road density and non-primary agricultural areas' percentage are significant to poverty in the GWR model [40]. Guo et al also applied the GWR model in urban poverty research and found that the significant factors in Western cities are also mostly relevant in Hong Kong [41]. Similar studies using the GWR model can be found on fuel poverty in England [42] and travel poverty in north-west England [43].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 67%

Poverty and Physical Geographic Factors: An Empirical Analysis of Sichuan Province Using the GWR Model

Mai

Shen

2020

Sustainability

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Given the complexity of the poverty problem, efforts and policies aiming at reducing poverty should be tailored to local conditions, including cultural, economic, social, and geographic aspects. Taking the Sichuan Province of China as the study area, this paper explores the impact of physical geographic factors on poverty using the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) Regression and the Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) models at the county level. In total, 28 factors classified in seven groups were considered as variables, including terrain (relief degree of the land surface, altitude, and slope); vegetation (forest coverage rate); water (drainage network density); climate (temperature, annual average rainfall); and natural disaster (landslide, debris flow, and torrential flood). The 28 variables were then tested using correlations and regressions. A total of six physical variables remained significant for the OLS and GWR models. The results showed that the local GWR model was superior to the OLS regression model and, hence, more suitable for explaining the associations between the poverty rate and physical geographic features in Sichuan.

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“…Secondly, patients were recruited from four mental health centres in two geographical regions (Kowloon and New Territories), which are associated with a high poverty rate, low household income and low social class compared to the overall demographic structure in Hong Kong. 89 Thirdly, the participants in this study were dominated by females, aged over 45, married, and with a long duration of illness. The sample bias might limit the generalisation of the findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

<p>The Effectiveness of a Mindfulness-Based Psychoeducation Programme for Emotional Regulation in Individuals with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial</p>

Lam

Leung

Lin

et al. 2020

NDT

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Background: Emotion dysregulation has emerged as a transdiagnostic factor that potentially exacerbates the risk of early-onset, maintenance, and relapse of psychosis. Mindfulness is described as the awareness that emerges from paying attention to the present moment without judgment. It gently pulls the mind out of the negative emotions induced by the disparity between expectation and reality by focusing on the present moment, instead of worrying about the future or regretting the past. However, only a few research has ever focused on the efficacy of using a mindfulness-based intervention to improve emotion regulation in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a Mindfulness-Based Psychoeducation Programme (MBPP) on the emotion regulation of individuals with schizophrenia, in particular, to access emotion regulation strategies. The objective of this study was to find out whether MBPP is feasible for improving emotion regulation strategies, in terms of rumination, cognitive reappraisal, and expressive suppression, with a sustainable effect at a three-month follow-up. Patients and Methods: A single-blinded pilot randomised controlled trial with repeatedmeasures designs was adopted. Forty-six participants diagnosed with schizophrenia and its subtypes were randomised in either the 8-week mindfulness-based psychoeducation programme or treatment-as-usual (control) group. Results: The results of the Generalised Estimating Equations test indicated that the MBPP group showed a significant improvement in reappraisal at a three-month follow-up (β = −6.59, Wald's χ 2 =4.55, p=0.033), and a significant reduction in rumination across time. However, the Generalised Estimating Equations indicated no significant difference in rumination and expressive suppression in the MBPP group. Two participants reported having unwanted experiences, including feelings of terror and distress during the mindfulness practice. Conclusion: The MBPP appeared to be effective for improving emotion regulation, which will contribute to future large-scale RCT to confirm the treatment effects in more diverse groups of schizophrenic patients.

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Poverty concentration in an affluent city: Geographic variation and correlates of neighborhood poverty rates in Hong Kong

Cited by 24 publications

References 33 publications

The geography of suicide in older adults in Hong Kong: An ecological study

The geography of suicide in older adults in Hong Kong: An ecological study

Poverty and Physical Geographic Factors: An Empirical Analysis of Sichuan Province Using the GWR Model

<p>The Effectiveness of a Mindfulness-Based Psychoeducation Programme for Emotional Regulation in Individuals with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial</p>

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