Poverty, low education, and the expression of psychotic-like experiences in the general population of São Paulo, Brazil

Loch, Alexandre Andrade; Chianca, Camille; Alves, Tânia Maria; Freitas, Elder Lanzani; Hortêncio, Lucas; Andrade, Júlio; Bilt, Martinus Theodorus van de; Fontôni, Marcos Roberto; Serpa, Maurício H.; Gattaz, Wagner F.; Rössler, Wulf

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.03.052

Cited by 47 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…There have been several studies that investigated distribution of PLEs in the general population using LCA. Loch et al (), using the original 92‐item PQ‐16, identified three quantitatively different classes, thus obtaining results very similar to the current findings. Shevlin, Murphy, Dorahy, and Adamson () identified 4 different classes: psychosis class, a hallucinatory class, an intermediate class and a normative class.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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Prevalence, dimensionality and clinical relevance of self‐disturbances and psychotic‐like experiences in Polish young adults: a latent class analysis approach.

Pionke

Gidzgier

Nelson

et al. 2019

Int J Methods Psych Res

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Objectives We aimed to investigate latent classes of psychotic‐like experiences (PLEs) and self‐disturbances (SD) and to explore mutual overlapping between derived subgroups. Further, our goal was to investigate class membership relationship with an exposure to childhood trauma and different psychopathological factors such as cognitive biases, depression, insomnia, psychiatric diagnosis and lifetime suicidality. Methods Participants consist of 3167 non‐clinical adults. We performed two latent class analyses (LCA), for PLEs and SD separately, to identify subgroups of individuals with different profiles on PLEs and SD. Associations between psychopathological factors and latent class membership were examined using multinomial logistic regression analysis. Results LCA produced 5 classes within SD and 3 classes within PLEs. Class of the highest endorsement of SD showed 53% overlap with class of the highest endorsement of PLEs. The highest risk of belonging to High Class for both SD and PLEs was associated in particular with depression, cognitive biases and insomnia. Trauma emerged as a significant predictor only for PLEs classes. Conclusions Our findings confirm that high PLEs and SD co‐occur and are concentrated in a relatively small number of individuals, at least in the general population. Their combination may capture the highest risk of psychosis in the general population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Our findings support the hypothesis that PLEs fall along a continuumYung et al, 2009). There have been several studies that investigated distribution of PLEs in the general population using LCA Loch et al (2017),. using the original 92-item PQ-16, identified three quantitatively different classes, thus…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, dimensionality and clinical relevance of self‐disturbances and psychotic‐like experiences in Polish young adults: a latent class analysis approach.

Pionke

Gidzgier

Nelson

et al. 2019

Int J Methods Psych Res

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“…In the literature, these variables were related to later development of schizophrenia. SES was related to an increased risk for schizophrenia in population‐based studies (Werner, Malaspina, & Rabinowitz, ), as well as in the development of psychotic‐like experiences in the general population (Loch et al, ). Moreover, the PRS population shows poorer recovery from PRS symptoms in lower parental SES groups (Hur, Choi, Yun, Chon, & Kwon, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of children and adolescents with psychosis risk syndrome: The Children and Adolescents Psychosis Risk Syndrome (CAPRIS) study

Dolz

Tor

Serna

et al. 2018

Early Intervention Psych

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Aim: Despite the interest in psychosis risk syndrome (PRS) in children and adolescents, information on the syndrome in this population is scarce.Methods: Prospective naturalistic multi-site study in which 10-to 17-year-old help-seeking subjects who met PRS criteria (positive or negative attenuated symptoms; brief limited intermittent psychotic symptoms; genetic risk or schizotypal personality disorder plus impairment in functioning) were included, along with 45 age and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). All subjects were clinically and functionally assessed. Results: Ninety-one PRS subjects (PRSS) with a mean age of 15.5 AE 1.4 met inclusion criteria (IC). Compared with HC, PRSS presented worse global and academic functioning in the previous year, had experienced more psychiatric and psychological problems, and presented gestational ages outside the normal range. More than 80% of PRSS met ≥2 IC, with 65.9% having one Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition Text Revision diagnosis, and 61.7% of those having ≥2 diagnoses. Some 49.5% of PRSS had a first-or second-degree family history (FH) of psychosis. Patients with first-and second-degree FH do not differ in their clinical expression.Conclusions: Children and adolescents with PRS are a patient group with a pattern of neurodevelopmental impairment and clinical complexity similar to patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, highlighting the importance of assessing these variables in child and adolescent samples. PRSS with first-and second-degree relatives with FH do not present differences in their clinical presentation, suggesting that including these two groups of patients in the genetic risk criteria would enrich knowledge of these criteria. K E Y W O R D Schild and adolescent, clinical high risk for psychosis, psychosis, psychosis risk syndrome

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“…The use of an Internet-based selection process also gives rise to inherent selection bias, although as already addressed, MTurk samples have been shown to be at least as valid and reliable as convenience samples (Shapiro et al, 2013). The fact that financial remuneration was offered might bias the sample towards a lower socio-economic status (which is known to be associated with attenuated psychotic symptoms in the general population; Loch et al, 2017). Nevertheless, realistic compensation rates do not affect the quality of data obtained from MTurk samples (Buhrmester et al, 2011).…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between specific types of childhood adversity and attenuated psychotic symptoms in a community sample

Mongan

Shannon

Hanna

et al. 2017

Early Intervention Psych

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Poverty, low education, and the expression of psychotic-like experiences in the general population of São Paulo, Brazil

Cited by 47 publications

References 49 publications

Prevalence, dimensionality and clinical relevance of self‐disturbances and psychotic‐like experiences in Polish young adults: a latent class analysis approach.

Prevalence, dimensionality and clinical relevance of self‐disturbances and psychotic‐like experiences in Polish young adults: a latent class analysis approach.

Characterization of children and adolescents with psychosis risk syndrome: The Children and Adolescents Psychosis Risk Syndrome (CAPRIS) study

The association between specific types of childhood adversity and attenuated psychotic symptoms in a community sample

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