Powder metallurgy with space holder for porous titanium implants: A review

Rodríguez-Contreras, Adrián; Punset, Miquel; Calero, Jorge; Gil, F.J.; Rupérez, Elisa; Manero, José María

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.11.005

Cited by 112 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 212 publications

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“…Additional improvement of osseointegration can be obtained by modifying the material with bioactive phases, enabling creation bonding with tissue of a chemical nature. Connection between the bone and the implant is more important for the vascular system than the size of the pores, because it determines both the number and size of blood vessels [55,56].…”

Section: Porosity Of Titanium and Its Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the aim is to produce porous titanium structures in which the percentage of porosity is controlled in order to reduce the stiffness of the implant without adversely affecting its mechanical properties. In general, the mechanical properties of the porous structure decrease with increasing porosity [55]. The mechanical strength of porous titanium decreases dramatically with the increase of porosity, which on the other hand is a necessary condition for the ingrowth of new bone tissues and vascularization [58].…”

Section: Porosity Of Titanium and Its Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Porous structures are ideal surfaces because they significantly reduce the stiffness of the implant compared to flexible materials [59]. As a result of the improved transfer of stresses between the implant and the bone through porous structures, a greater biological adhesion between the implant and the tissue is obtained [55]. In this way, osseointegration is facilitated as a larger clamping surface is provided [60].…”

Section: Porosity Of Titanium and Its Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this way, osseointegration is facilitated as a larger clamping surface is provided [60]. Moreover, the porous biomaterial enables the recruitment and penetration of cells from the surrounding bone tissue into its structure, promoting bone regeneration and vascularisation [55,61]. A study on male Sprague-Dawley rats showed that the biological stabilization of the implant was influenced by the porosity of the titanium implants (25%, 11%, and 3%).…”

Section: Porosity Of Titanium and Its Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Contemporary Approach to the Porosity of Dental Materials and Methods of Its Measurement

Sarna‐Boś

Skic

Sobieszczański

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Porosity is an important parameter for characterizing the microstructure of solids that corresponds to the volume of the void space, which may contain fluid or air, over the total volume of the material. Many materials of natural and technically manufactured origin have a large number of voids in their internal structure, relatively small in size, compared to the characteristic dimensions of the body itself. Thus, porosity is an important feature of industrial materials, but also of biological ones. The porous structure affects a number of material properties, such as sorption capacity, as well as mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. Porosity of materials is an important factor in research on biomaterials. The most popular materials used to rebuild damaged tooth tissues are composites and ceramics, whilst titanium alloys are used in the production of implants that replace the tooth root. Research indicates that the most comprehensive approach to examining such materials should involve an analysis using several complementary methods covering the widest possible range of pore sizes. In addition to the constantly observed increase in the resolution capabilities of devices, the development of computational models and algorithms improving the quality of the measurement signal remains a big challenge.

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Section: Porosity Of Titanium and Its Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Porosity Of Titanium and Its Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Porosity Of Titanium and Its Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Porosity Of Titanium and Its Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Contemporary Approach to the Porosity of Dental Materials and Methods of Its Measurement

Sarna‐Boś

Skic

Sobieszczański

et al. 2021

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Details in these resulting parts can be further worked by machining [6], generally resulting in a certain amount of excess material. Despite these much extended industrial methods, in case of special needs like controlled microstructures, avoiding waste material, complex shapes, etc., powder metallurgy (PM) is an interesting option [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacitor Electrical Discharge Consolidation of Metallic Powders—A Review

Aranda

Fernández

Lozano-Pérez

et al. 2021

Metals

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Manufacturing metallic materials from elemental or alloyed powders is an option in many industrial processes. Nevertheless, the traditional powder metallurgy processing including furnace sintering is at times detrimental for the microstructure attained in the powders. Alternative sintering processes based on the use of electricity and the energy obtained by the Joule effect in powder particles can be quick enough to avoid microstructural changes. In particular, when the energy is stored in a capacitor and then discharged, the heating process is extremely quick, lasting milliseconds or even microseconds. This process, generally known as electrical discharge consolidation, has been applied to a wide variety of metallic materials, easily preserving the original microstructure of the powders. Both porous or homogeneous and highly densified material can be obtained, and without losing the desired properties of the consolidated material. A general overview of the process and applications, as well as the results obtained by different research groups around the world, have been reviewed in this manuscript.

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Novel Chemical Treatment of Porous Titanium Structures for Nanotextured Surface and Bioactive Behavior

Ferraris,

Alidoost,

Spriano

et al. 2024

Adv Eng Mater

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Macroporous titanium structures are of interest in bone reconstruction because of their reduced modulus of elasticity (compared to bulk titanium), possibility of being colonized by cells, and biocompatibility. However, they are not bioactive and are not able to actively facilitate bone ingrowth or reduce bacterial adhesion. In the present research, work porous titanium scaffolds with different features (porosity 30–60 vol% and pore size 100–200 or 355–500 μm) are obtained by the space holder technique. Samples are characterized using optical microscopy, computed tomography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction. Moreover, the theoretical elastic modulus and yield strength are calculated. A patented chemical treatment, able to produce a bioactive nanotextured oxide layer, has been optimized and successfully applied, for the first time, to structures with 50 vol% porosity and 100–200 μm pore size (as the most promising for bone substitution due to the biomechanical and biofunctional balance). Bare and modified samples are characterized using field emission SEM, zeta potential measurements, and in vitro bioactivity tests (soaking in simulated body solution) to evaluate the effectiveness of the surface chemical treatment.

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Powder metallurgy with space holder for porous titanium implants: A review

Cited by 112 publications

References 212 publications

Contemporary Approach to the Porosity of Dental Materials and Methods of Its Measurement

Contemporary Approach to the Porosity of Dental Materials and Methods of Its Measurement

Capacitor Electrical Discharge Consolidation of Metallic Powders—A Review

Novel Chemical Treatment of Porous Titanium Structures for Nanotextured Surface and Bioactive Behavior

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