Power and Paradox: Asian Geopolitics and Sino-American Relations in the 21st Century

Evans, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.orbis.2010.10.004

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…At the same time, the United States has strengthened its security ties with the Asian countries, including traditional allies (such as Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan), and has created new relations with emerging powers (such as India, Indonesia, and Vietnam) (Buszynski, ; Ratner, , p. 23). Consequently, Washington has raised the level of the alliance with hostile states to China, especially Japan, which is dubbed the “Great Britain of the East” (Evans, , p. 89; Twining, , p. 80). A growing U.S. strategic dependence upon Japan has clearly been demonstrated through joint military exercises over the past decade.…”

Section: Applying the Transformation Mechanism To The Second Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Strategic Hedging and Unipolarity's Demise: The Case of China's Strategic Hedging

Salman

2017

Asian Politics and Policy

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Strategic hedging is used by second-tier states in order to improve their relative position vis-a-vis the system leader. It is most likely to occur in unipolar systems that are experiencing power diffusion, and it involves the improvement of both military and economic capability while simultaneously avoiding a direct confrontation with the system leader. Strategic hedging takes place against the backdrop of key system dynamics involving the diffusion of hard and soft power away from the system leader toward various second-tier states. In this article, I argue that strategic hedging by second-tier states involves a gradual, multistage process, starting with a significant power difference between the hedging state and the system leader, and possibly leading to the disappearance of this difference as a result of successful hedging policies. I provide a four-stage transformation mechanism that allows the analyst to gauge the level of transition to the second phase of strategic hedging by second-tier states. I use China as a case to illustrate our hypothesis. The results show that the transition to the second phase is not yet complete in the case of China, but, that this could be the case in the next few years. As the second-tier state evolves to the second phase, its relative military capability increases while its relative economic growth slows down. Progressing through the stages of strategic hedging, the second-tier state's fears of upsetting the system leader fade as the power difference between itself and the system leader declines. Given the importance of strategic hedging as a new structural theory in international relations, this study not only contributes to the development of this theory, but also provides systematic indications of Great Power dynamics in the foreseeable future.

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Section: Applying the Transformation Mechanism To The Second Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Strategic Hedging and Unipolarity's Demise: The Case of China's Strategic Hedging

Salman

2017

Asian Politics and Policy

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“…Henry Kissinger, the former Secretary of State, believes that a confrontation can be avoided if the USA engages China immediately (before matters get out of hand) in a spirit of mutual respect (Kissinger 2012). An entire school of thought in the USA, which includes high profi le analysts such as Zbigniew Brzezinski, believes that, ultimately, it is in the USA's best interest to forge a special (G2) bilateral relationship with China-one, clearly, in which the interests of Europe would be secondary (White 2012 ;Evans 2011 ). Unlike the Europeans, Washington policy-makers are not short of options.…”

Section: The Usa Eu and Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other words, while UNSC Resolution 1973 made no mention of the responsibility to rebuild, not least because it mandated a limited intervention to enforce a no-fl y zone, it was clearly driven by the responsibility to 'prevent' a massacre in Benghazi and 'react' to Gaddafi 's advancing forces. In April 2011, Gareth Evans, co-chair of the 2001 ICISS, defi ned Libya as a 'high watermark of the application of (R2P)' (Evans 2011 ). Never before did the Security Council react so rapidly and consensually as in the case of Libya (Bellamy and Williams 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

The West and the Global Power Shift

Alcaro

Peterson²,

Greco

2016

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“…The extensive literature on the Asia-Pacific region and China's role has been categorized (Evans, 2010) into three broad schools of thought: primacists, exceptionalists, and pragmatists. The first school (Aaron L. Friedberg, John J. Mearsheimer, Robyn Lim, Hugh White) is advancing the China threat theory and adheres to the (neo)-realist conceptual stream.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Japan-China Game: Navigating through the Risk Zone

Sarkisyan¹

2016

IAFOR J Polit Econ Law

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This research aims to analyze the recent developments in the strategic interactions between Japan and China over their territorial disputes in the East China Sea from the perspectives of statistical and game-theoretical modeling. Two linear regression models were run in scope of this study. The first model assesses the effect of political deterioration between the two nations on their economic relationship. The second model deals with the test of the relationship between the dynamics of public opinion of China shared by the Japanese people on the volume of Sino-Japanese trade.The methodology of this study also includes application of a deterrence model to Sino-Japanese territorial disputes. By analyzing the case studies of incidents between Japan and China over the disputed islands in the East China Sea, this study tracks the evolution of strategies of different administrations both in Japan and China. The importance of the signaling is assessed. The paper concludes with the demonstration of the implications of the model for the understanding of the motivations behind the actions of Japanese and Chinese leaderships.

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Power and Paradox: Asian Geopolitics and Sino-American Relations in the 21st Century

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Strategic Hedging and Unipolarity's Demise: The Case of China's Strategic Hedging

Strategic Hedging and Unipolarity's Demise: The Case of China's Strategic Hedging

The West and the Global Power Shift

Japan-China Game: Navigating through the Risk Zone

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