Power Cylinder System for Internal Combustion Engines

Cheng, Chao

doi:10.5772/intechopen.69762

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Cylinder ovality is usually caused by wear phenomena and different intensity of normal forces, due to tribology contact between piston, rings and cylinder liner. As a result, the piston axis is eccentric to the cylinder axis [34,35]. The above problem could be solved by applying the cylinder with inserts, Fig.…”

Section: Data Methods and Initial Researchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribological Assessment of Aluminum Cylinder Material for Piston Compressors in Trucks and Buses Brake Systems

et al. 2021

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Applying new technologies to reduce friction and wear in vehicles and equipment can minimize mechanical losses. This reduces power loss in internal combustion engines and reduces fuel consumption and emissions. Consumption of fuel energy can be reduced by the use of light metals, for example aluminum alloy, to produce vehicles and their aggregates and parts. In this case, the problem is poor tribological properties of those light weight metals, as well as the lower strength compared to the cast iron construction. For tribology research purposes, the contact surface of the aluminum cylinder of an experimental piston air compressor is reinforced with inserts of cast iron. The results of tribology research of the composite material are presented in the paper, explaining how parameters such as the sliding speed, contact time and contact area influence friction and wear of the material in relative tribological contacts, under constant normal force. The test procedures were performed on the ball-on-plate CSM ® nanotribometer, in linear reciprocating sliding conditions with no lubricant. Material composition of the samples was determined using the Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy. All measurements were realized at the Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac.

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Section: Data Methods and Initial Researchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribological Assessment of Aluminum Cylinder Material for Piston Compressors in Trucks and Buses Brake Systems

et al. 2021

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“…Consequently, California, by executive order, expects that, by 2035, only zero-emission-compliant new passenger cars and light trucks will be sold in the state [13]. Moreover, countries such as Norway, Germany, France, Taiwan, India, and the United Kingdom have made commitments toward phasing out internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, even as cities such as Paris, Athens, Mexico City, and Copenhagen have followed suit [14]. Additionally, businesses and organizations are not left out: to date, approximately 600 companies totaling a market cap of over USD 13 trillion dollars have signed on to the United Nations' Business Ambition for 1.5 • C, a global coalition of United Nations agencies, businesses, and industry leaders that are committed to hitting the net-zero emission target by 2050 [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Analysis of Sustainable Transportation Transitions: Case Study of the University of Saskatchewan Ground Services Fleet

Aniegbunem

Kraj

2023

Sustainability

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The global transport sector of the world economy contributes about 15% of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions in the world today, and this must be drastically curbed. To reduce GHG emissions and achieve carbon neutrality, the University of Saskatchewan’s Office of Sustainability has directed a green energy transition for the institution in recent years, leading diverse sustainability projects and agendas due to the importance of curbing climate change and advancing sustainability. However, there is a strong need to pursue deep decarbonization within the campus, and the university transport system is a critical operational area that the Sustainability Office has considered for decarbonization to achieve the net-zero agenda of the university. The motivation for this work stems from the directive of the Sustainability Office to transform the campus vehicle fleet as an identified area for curbing GHG emissions and meet the University agenda. This study was organized in partnership with the Sustainability Office and involved an economic benefit analysis of the campus fleet (consisting of 91 ICE vehicles) to determine if it was economically or financially feasible to transition from Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs) or PVs (Petrol Vehicles) to Electric Vehicles (EVs). The analysis used RETScreen Expert (a software for analyzing renewable energy technology projects) to model diverse transition scenarios. The variables of Payback Period (PBP), cash flow projections, savings made from transitioning (fuel cost savings and energy cost savings), benefit–cost ratio, and GHG emission reduction potential were analyzed. The findings revealed that the GHG emissions from the campus fleet could be reduced by 100%, resulting in the removal of 298.1 tCO₂ from the environment. The fleet manager could save $CAD 129,049 (88.9%) in fuel costs, and the return on investment could be achieved in year 5 but could be reduced to year 2 if the vehicles were put into constant and active use, eliminating idle times. Lastly, the Sustainability Office would achieve a GHG reduction revenue of CAD 14,906. These findings show that pursuing sustainable transport transitions in the transportation transition for a university campus is financially and economically viable and should be pursued vigorously. The contribution of this work provides examples and evidence to advance policy recommendations to aid the effective and efficient transitioning of the transportation sector, specifically for communities at the scale of university campuses.

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The influence of the processes of utilization of exhaust gases of reciprocating internal combustion engines on the gas dynamic and acoustic characteristics of noise silencers

Grudanov

Tkacheva

Belokhvostov

et al. 2022

Vescì Akademìì navuk Belarusì. Seryâ fizika-tehničnyh navuk

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The scientific basis for the design of noise suppressors for internal combustion engines with exhaust gas heat recovery, providing the release of gas flows with improved gas-dynamic and acoustic characteristics, is presented. The thermodynamic analysis of the processes of energy utilization of exhaust gases has been studied. Thermodynamic analysis showed that the utilization of exhaust gas heat leads to an increase in the coefficient of performance (COP) of the Otto cycle. An exergy analysis of heat exchange processes in the muffler was also carried out, and ways to increase its thermodynamic efficiency were determined. It has been established that a noise silencer with a heat exchanger-coil installed inside, from the position of the second law of thermodynamics, expressed by means of exergy analysis, is a more advanced thermodynamic system compared to a conventional silencer. A mathematical description of the recycling processes under conditions of external thermal exposure is given, while the nature of the influence of thermal exposure on changes in pressure, temperature and density is established. Based on the method of L.A. Vulis analytical equations for changes in pressure, temperature and density are obtained. Exhaust gas energy recovery processes contribute to a decrease in gas temperature, an increase in density, a decrease in flow velocity and a pressure drop, i.e. there is an effect (law of L.A. Vulis) of thermal stagnation of the gas flow, which causes a decrease in the noise level with less back pressure and an increase in engine efficiency.

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Power Cylinder System for Internal Combustion Engines

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

Tribological Assessment of Aluminum Cylinder Material for Piston Compressors in Trucks and Buses Brake Systems

Tribological Assessment of Aluminum Cylinder Material for Piston Compressors in Trucks and Buses Brake Systems

Economic Analysis of Sustainable Transportation Transitions: Case Study of the University of Saskatchewan Ground Services Fleet

The influence of the processes of utilization of exhaust gases of reciprocating internal combustion engines on the gas dynamic and acoustic characteristics of noise silencers

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