This article analyses some of the linguistic tensions derived from international academic mobility in English-medium instruction multilingual university contexts, focusing on local and international academic staff’s interests from a linguistic justice
viewpoint. Firstly, we develop a normative argument to explore whether international academic mobility and increased use of
English can become a source of linguistic domination for local staff, or if suggested countermeasures, such as requiring
international scholars to learn the local language, might lead to linguistic discrimination against the latter group. Secondly,
via a qualitative analysis of survey data, we ask local and international scholars at the University of Tartu about their views on
the language policy regime at the university. Protective language policies that encourage locals to use Estonian more and require
internationals to learn some Estonian could help enhance linguistic justice, according to local staff. However, international
scholars may perceive such requests as discriminatory. Linguistic domination and discrimination play a key role in the clashing
interests of stakeholders, creating tension. The study highlights the complexity of the dilemmas faced by many university
officials today in their attempt to balance institutional goals with on-the-ground realities.