Power grid balancing of energy systems with high renewable energy penetration by demand response

Stadler, Ingo

doi:10.1016/j.jup.2007.11.006

Cited by 141 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…where P is the mean power (hourly mean power) and n the counting index of one time step t in the time period T. 4 The values are normalized to the rated power P rated for RES-E technologies and the peak power P peak…”

Section: Ramp Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to the other domestic appliances being discussed for load shifting, EVs enable long grid management times with low storage losses, but have significantly higher storage costs compared to the thermal storages used by smart grid devices such as freezers, air conditioning systems or heat pumps [4]. Because of battery degradation concerns and the high associated vehicle-to-grid costs, this paper focuses on EVs' load shifting abilities [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ramp rate is also described as power output increments (1 hour mean) 4 In this paper, a time resolution of one hour is used, T= 8760h.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Integration of intermittent renewable power supply using grid-connected vehicles – A 2030 case study for California and Germany

2013

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in Martin WietschelIntegration of intermittent renewable power supply using grid-connected vehicles -a 2030 case study for California and Germany AbstractThis paper describes a method to characterize the fluctuating electricity generation of renewable energy sources (RES) in a power system and compares the different parameters for California and Germany. Based on this method describing the fluctuation and residual load, the potential contribution of grid-connected vehicles to balancing generation from renewable energy sources is analyzed for a 2030 scenario using the agent-based simulation model PowerACE. The analysis reveals that integrating fluctuating RES is possible with less effort in California because of a higher correlation between RES generation and the load curve here. In addition, RES capacity factors are higher for California and therefore the ratio of installed capacity to peak load is lower. Germany, on the other hand, faces extreme residual load changes between periods with and without supply from RES. In both power system scenarios, grid-connected vehicles play an important role in reducing residual load fluctuation if smart charging is used. Uncontrolled charging or static time-of-use tariffs do not significantly improve the grid integration of RES.

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Section: Ramp Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integration of intermittent renewable power supply using grid-connected vehicles – A 2030 case study for California and Germany

2013

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“…Another study shows that it is not feasible to integrate 100% renewable energy sources into a power system without demand flexibility [5]. Further, Stadler [6] sees no theoretical upper limit for the integration of renewable energies into electricity networks that can be explained by missing control power. Wind power yearly penetration of above 40 %, monthly above 61.7%, daily above 102 % and hourly above 135% has already been recorded in the front-runner Danish energy system [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two methods for decreasing the flexibility gap in national energy systems

Bjelić

Rajaković

Krajačić

et al. 2016

Energy

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Abstract:More variable renewable energy sources and energy efficiency measures create an additional flexibility gap and require a novel energy planning method for sustainable national energy systems. The firstly presented method uses only EnergyPLAN tool in order to decrease the flexibility gap in a national energy system. Generic Optimization program (GenOpt®) is an optimization program for the minimization of a cost function that is evaluated by an external simulation program, such as EnergyPLAN, which was used as the second method in this research. Successful strategies to decrease the flexibility gap are verified on the case of the Serbian national energy system using two methods for its structure design: (1) the iterative method, based on heuristics and manual procedure of using only EnergyPLAN, and (2) the optimization method, based on soft-linking of EnergyPLAN with GenOpt®. The latter method, named EPOPT (EnergyPlan-genOPT), found the solution for the structure of the sustainable national energy system at the total cost of 8,190 M€, while the iterative method was only able to find solutions at the cost in the range of 8,251-8,598 M€ by targeting only one sustainability goal. The advantages of the EPOPT method are its accuracy, user-friendliness and minimal costs, are valuable for planners. Highlights Heuristic and optimization method for sustainable national energy system structure  The same input assumptions resulting in different energy system structure  Both methods are successful in decreasing of the flexibility gap  The EPOPT method advantages are in the speed, accuracy and planner comfort  Advanced method for the sustainable national energy policy planning

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“…Heat capacity is a natural energy storage available almost anywhere, but rarely exploited as such. The potential of several types of thermal storage possibilities (Heat storage, ventilation, refrigeration) is shown in Stadler [2008]. Refrigeration systems have a large potential for storing energy and shifting loads as shown in Goli et al [2011].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model-Based Predictive Control Scheme for Cost Optimization and Balancing Services for Supermarket Refrigeration Systems

Weerts

Shafiei

Stoustrup

et al. 2014

IFAC Proceedings Volumes

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General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Abstract: A formulation of model predictive control for supermarket refrigeration systems is proposed to facilitate the regulatory power services as well as energy cost optimization of such systems in the smart grid. Nonlinear dynamics existing in large-scale refrigeration plants challenges the predictive control design. It is however shown that taking into account the knowledge of different time scales in the dynamical subsystems makes possible a linear formulation of a centralized predictive controller. A realistic scenario of regulatory power services in the smart grid is considered and formulated in the same objective as of a cost optimization one. A simulation benchmark validated against real data and including significant dynamics of the system is employed to show the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.

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Power grid balancing of energy systems with high renewable energy penetration by demand response

Cited by 141 publications

References 2 publications

Integration of intermittent renewable power supply using grid-connected vehicles – A 2030 case study for California and Germany

Integration of intermittent renewable power supply using grid-connected vehicles – A 2030 case study for California and Germany

Two methods for decreasing the flexibility gap in national energy systems

Model-Based Predictive Control Scheme for Cost Optimization and Balancing Services for Supermarket Refrigeration Systems

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