Power, poverty and peacebuilding: the violence that sustains inequalities and undermines peace in Colombia

Gordon, Eleanor; Henao, Sebastian Restrepo; Duque, Alejandra Zuluaga; Dolan-Evans, Elliot

doi:10.1080/14678802.2020.1848119

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…1 ). Colombia’s rural areas experienced differential armed violence as a result of the conflict between opposing political groups [ 5 ]. Some populations suffered more than others, and among these are the inhabitants of the Amaime watershed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These geographical areas used to be scenes of armed violence within the framework of a long-standing political conflict in the country. This took place with high intensity in the time period preceding the Havana Peace Agreement (signed on September 26, 2016) and is currently seeking peacebuilding in the nation [ 5 ]. The population experienced armed violence due to the confrontation of different groups in combat, such as the guerrillas with a political leaning toward the Marxist–Leninist left called the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People’s Army (FARC-EP), the far-right political armed forces called the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC), and the military forces of the national government [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perceptions of adolescent pregnancy in the rural context and the Colombian armed conflict: a qualitative approach based on social determination of health

Palacios-Perdomo¹,

Acosta-Ramírez

2021

Int J Equity Health

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Background Adolescent pregnancy in rural areas is a persistent health problem that has still not properly been understood. Studies with qualitative perspectives that address this phenomenon as a complex social process, which involves the recognition of the voices of the actors involved and the analysis of the specific context in which it takes place, are limited. Objective This research explored the perceptions of young people and other social actors (municipalities of Palmira and El Cerrito in Colombia) of the social forces and dimensions of the social determination of adolescent pregnancy in the Amaime river basin. These geographic areas have been scenes of armed violence with various groups in combat within the context of a long-standing political conflict in Colombia. After the 2016 Havana agreements were signed, peacebuilding has been underway in its territories. Methods A qualitative study that implemented focus groups and semi-structured interviews was conducted. The theoretical approach of social determination of health proposed by Breilh was used to study the social process entailed in adolescent pregnancy. Perceptions about social conditions, specific ways of life, and lifestyles were addressed. Galtung and Fischer’s theoretical approach on violence and peacebuilding was also incorporated to enrich the understanding of the Colombian context. The analysis was conducted with approaches from phenomenology. Results Living conditions with strong social stigma and demand for social, political, and cultural opportunities were found. Regarding ways of life, little communication and information about sex education was perceived. As for lifestyles, there are youthful behaviors infused by sociocultural traditions that affect life projects and sexual behavior. Gender relations are precarious, and there are various types of violence that limit effective peacebuilding. Conclusions This study contributes to a priority issue in sexual and reproductive health, with an approach that generates analytical elements to comprehensively expand the social and health interventions required.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions of adolescent pregnancy in the rural context and the Colombian armed conflict: a qualitative approach based on social determination of health

Palacios-Perdomo¹,

Acosta-Ramírez

2021

Int J Equity Health

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“…Estimations reveal the critical situation in rural areas—87% of the currently poor population has a probability of being poor in the future of more than 29% (i.e., a large number of households are in chronic poverty or in a poverty trap). This result is explained because extreme inequalities persist in a large part of the rural areas of Colombia, where the lack of justice and property rights has generated continuous waves of violence that have affected these areas during the last century (Gordon et al, 2020 ). In this context, according to Berry ( 2017 ), land has become a vulnerable asset due to illegal appropriation by armed groups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vulnerability to Multidimensional Poverty: An Application to Colombian Households

Hernández

Zuluaga

2022

Soc Indic Res

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This paper analyzes Colombian households’ vulnerability to multidimensional poverty. For this purpose, we apply the vulnerability as expected poverty approach and the multidimensional poverty index to obtain the probability of a household being poor in the future. The source of information was the Colombian Longitudinal Survey. By employing the Feasible Generalized Least Squares methodology in three stages, the results indicate that the percentage of vulnerable households is greater than the percentage of poor households. In addition, the pattern of vulnerability differs depending on the area (i.e., rural or urban) in which the households are located. These findings have important policy implications; specifically, they enable us to distinguish between groups of people that require particular policy strategies: households that are persistently poor require poverty alleviation interventions and those that are not poor, but have a high probability of becoming poor in the future, need poverty prevention strategies.

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“…Amartya Sen describes the concept of poverty of rights in the book Poverty and Famine: Analysis of Poverty from the Perspective of Rights and Deprivation. The rights he discusses in this book refer to the use of various legal channels and the collection of alternative commodity bundles [68,69]. These concepts do not have a substitute relationship but a complementary relationship.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation and Analysis of Poverty-Stricken Counties under the Framework of the UN Sustainable Development Goals: A Case Study of Hunan Province, China

Wang

Huang

et al. 2021

Remote Sensing

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Eliminating all forms of poverty in the world is the first United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG). Developing a scientific and feasible method for monitoring and evaluating local poverty is important for the implementation of the SDG agenda. Based on the 2030 United Nations SDGs, in this paper, a quantitative evaluation model is built and applied to all poverty-stricken counties in Hunan Province. First, based on the SDG global index framework and local index system of China, a local SDG index system for poverty-related goals is designed, and the weights of the indexes are derived using an entropy method. The scores obtained for counties and districts with data available are then taken as the true value for the poverty assessment. Second, using National Polar-orbiting Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (NPP-VIIRS) nighttime light images and land use and digital elevation model data, six factors, including socioeconomic, land cover, terrain and traffic factors, are extracted. Third, we then construct multiple linear evaluation models of poverty targets defined by the SDGs and machine learning evaluation models, including regression trees, support vector machines, Gaussian process regressions and ensemble trees. Last, combined with statistical data of poverty-stricken counties in Hunan Province, model validation and accuracy evaluation are carried out. The results show that the R2 and relative error of the localized, multiple linear evaluation model, including all six factors, are 0.76 and 19.12%, respectively. The poverty-stricken counties in Hunan Province were spatially aggregated and distributed mainly in the southeastern and northwestern regions. The proposed method for regional poverty assessment based on multisource geographic data provides an effective poverty monitoring reference scheme for the implementation of the poverty eradication goals in the 2030 agenda.

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Power, poverty and peacebuilding: the violence that sustains inequalities and undermines peace in Colombia

Cited by 12 publications

References 47 publications

Perceptions of adolescent pregnancy in the rural context and the Colombian armed conflict: a qualitative approach based on social determination of health

Perceptions of adolescent pregnancy in the rural context and the Colombian armed conflict: a qualitative approach based on social determination of health

Vulnerability to Multidimensional Poverty: An Application to Colombian Households

Evaluation and Analysis of Poverty-Stricken Counties under the Framework of the UN Sustainable Development Goals: A Case Study of Hunan Province, China

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